با همکاری انجمن علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 گروه علوم و مهندسی صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

در این تحقیق تأثیر غوطه ور کردن سه نوع پسته آلوده(خشک با پوست سخت، خشک با پوست نرم، تازه با پوست نرم، رقم اوحدی) با ازن صفر پی پی ام (شاهد) ازن 4 و 8 پی پی ام (قسمت در میلیون و یا میلی گرم در لیتر) با زمان تماس صفر(شاهد) و 2، 4، 6، 8، 10 و 12 ساعت، جهت کاهش آفلاتوکسین ب1، ب2، ج1 و ج2 و مجموع آفلاتوکسین ها، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. دمای آب 10 درجه سانتیگراد و پ هاش آن 3/0± 5/5 بود. برای تمام نمونه ها، تأثیر متقال بین غلظت ازن و زمان تماس با ازن و یا تأثیر متقابل با نوع پسته، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آفلاتوکسین ب1، از نظر مقدار بیشتر بود و همچنین راحت تر تخریب و کاهش یافت. نتایج نشان می دهد که نمونه های شاهد(غلظت ازن صفر و یا زمان تماس صفر) از لحاظ کاهش آفلاتوکسین ها و آفلاتوکسین مجموع، در سطح 5 درصد، تفاوت معنی داری ندارند ولی با نمونه های تیمار شده با ازن، تفاوت معنی داری دارند. برای نمونه های شاهد میانگین درصد کاهش آفلاتوکسین های ب1، ب2، ج1، ج2 و مجموع آفلاتوکسین ها به ترتیب 6/5، 7/9، 6/14، 15 و 4/6 درصد بود در حالی که این کاهش برای نمونه های تیمار شده با 4 پی پی ام ازن به ترتیب 7/32، 55/8، 6/30، 34 و 35 درصد بود همچنین این کاهش برای غلظت ازن 8 پی پی ام به ترتیب 9/47، 5/12، 8/45، 9/43 و 4/44 درصد بود. نتایج نشان می دهد که تأثیر ازن محلول در آب، روی کاهش میزان آفلاتوکسین ها، به طور معنی داری وابسته به غلظت ازن مصرفی و زمان تماس ازن می باشد. همچنین نتایج مشخص می کند که حساسیت تخریب آفلاتوکسین ها نسبت به ازن به ترتیب ب1 و ج1 بزرگتر از ب2 و ج2 می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Aqueous Ozone on Alfatoxin Degradation in Pistachio of Ohadi Cultivar

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parviz Bashiri 1
  • Mohammad Hossein Hadad Khodaparast 2
  • Nasser Sedaghat 2
  • Farideh Tabatabaei Yazdi 3
  • Mehdi Nasiri mahalati 4

1 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

2 Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

3 Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

4 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In this research effectiveness of immersing three types of contaminated pistachios fresh with hull (exocarp or epicarp), dried in shell and dried with hull from Ohady cultivar in ozonated water 0 ppm (control), 4 and 8 ppm ozone concentrations in aqueous solution for range of exposure times 0(control), 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and12 hours, to decrease of aflatoxin (B1, B2, G1, G2 and total) were investigated. Water temperature and pH were 10°C and 5.5± 0.3 respectively. For all samples, interaction between, ozone concentration and exposure times or pistachio type, were investigated. Aflatoxin (AF) B1 content was more and was reduced easily. Results showed that differences between the control samples (zero hour and/or 0ppm ozone) and treated pistachios for total aflatoxins and aflatoxin B1 were significant(P < 0.05). For control samples, the means of aflatoxin reduction for B1, B2, G1, G2 and total were, 5.6, 9.7, 14, 6, 15 and 6.4 percentage, respectively and for ozonated pistachios were 32.7, 8.55, 30.6, 34 and 35 percentage, by 4ppm ozone concentration. The results for 8ppm ozone concentration were, 47.9, 12.5, 45.8, 43.9 and 44.4percentage, respectively. The results indicated that the effect of ozonated water on reduction of aflatoxin content from the samples significantly depends on the level of ozone concentration and exposure times. The results also demonstrated that ozone susceptibility of aflatoxins to destruction were B1 & G1 >G2 & B2 respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hull
  • Shell
  • Ohadi cultivar
  • reduction
  • Detoxification
  • Nuts
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