با همکاری انجمن علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.

2 پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری مواد غذایی، جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد، خراسان رضوی.

چکیده

در این پژوهش به‌منظورجلوگیری از ضایعات پس از برداشت خیار گلخانه‌ای رویال، نمونه‌ها را در کیسه‌های پلاستیکی سه‌لایهPE/PA/PE قرار داده و از پلی‌ساکارید کیتوزان بعنوان پوشش (1-0 درصد) و تحت شرایط بسته‌بندی MAP (3 و 12 درصد اکسیژن) و اتمسفر معمولی (21%) بسته‌بندی نموده و در دماهای (5، 15 و 25 درجه سانتی‌گراد) به مدت 21 روز نگهداری شدند. درآزمایشات انجام شده تأثیر این شرایط کنترل شده در مقایسه با نمونه‌های خیار بدون پوشش و نگهداری شده در شرایط اتمسفر معمولی بر روی خواص فیزیکی و کیفی خیار در طی دوره انبار مورد بررسی قرارگرفت. ویژگی‌های مورد بررسی شامل کاهش وزن نمونه‌های خیار (%)، خواص رنگی (مولفه‌های L*، a* و b*)، سفتی بافت (نیوتن)، چروکیدگی و خواص حسی (طعم و تازگی) بود. براساس نتایج، سفتی بافت و خواص ارگانولپتیکی با افزایش دما و زمان نگهداری کاهش در حالیکه افت وزن و چروکیدگی افزایش یافت که منجر به افت کیفیت نمونه‌های خیار طی دوره نگهداری شد. همچنین افزایش پوشش کیتوزان تا 5/0 درصد منجر به حفظ ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی و حسی نمونه‌ها طی مدت زمان انبارداری شد ولی با افزایش بیشتر آن تا 1% کیفیت محصول نهایی کاهش نشان داد. طبق نتایج نگهداری خیار در بسته‌بندی MAP منجر به حفظ رنگ سبز و خواص کیفی آن نسبت به نمونه‌های فاقد بسته بندی گردید. مقادیر متغیرهای مستقل در شرایط بهینه بسته‌بندی خیار شامل غلظت پوشش کیتوزان، میزان گاز اکسیژن، زمان و دما انبارداری به ترتیب 5/0%، 5/8 %، 14 روز و ˚C9 بدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of packaging type and chitosan edible coating on the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of Royal Greenhouse cucumber during storage conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Shahdadi Sardoo 1
  • Nasser Sedaghat 1
  • Masoud Taghizadeh 1
  • Elnaz Milani 2

1 Department of Food Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.

2 Department of Food Additives, ACECR, Mashhad, Khorasan 91775-1376, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction: In Iran, the main problem in greenhouse cucumber production and post-harvest shelf life is short due to the application of traditional packaging and storage methods. This research was carried out in order to investigate on the effects of packaging type and chitosan edible coating on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of Royal Greenhouse cucumber during storage conditions, in order to prevent of Royal greenhouse cucumber postharvest losses.

Materials and methods: Royal greenhouse cucumbers placed inside the three-layer plastic bags of PE/PA/PE and the effect of different chitosan coating (0, 0.5 & 1 %), concentration of oxygen (3,12 & 21%), storage temperatures (5, 15 & 25 ˚C) and storage time (3, 12 & 21 days) on cucumber quality and shelf life was studied. The quality of cucumber samples was evaluated by weight loss, firmness retention, surface color development (L*, a*, b*), shrinkage and sensory evaluation (taste and freshness).

Results and discussion: The obtained results showed that firmness and organoleptic properties decreased with increasing temperature and time storage, while weight loss and shrinkage was increased, that Leading to loss of cucumber samples quality during storage. Increasing of chitosan coating to 0.5% also showed a beneficial effect on physicochemical and sensory characteristics of the samples during the storage time compared to the control fruit, but by increasing it to 1%, decreased the quality of the final product. The results showed that using modified atmosphere packaging and storage at low temperatures can be in addition to the slow breathing fresh cucumbers from softening and prevent moisture loss the maintenance of cucumber. MAP packaging leads to keeping cucumber green and quality properties compared to the control samples. The optimum condition was obtained at chitosan coating 0.5 %, O2concentration 8.5 %, storage temperatures 9˚C and storage time of 14 days. At this optimum point maximum of firmness, L*, taste, freshness and minimum of shrinkage, weight loss and a* were found to be 10.4 (N), 48.9, 4.35, 4.5, 6.25 %, 2.75 % and -37.28 respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Greenhouse Cucumber
  • MAP packaging
  • Chitosan
  • Shrinkage
  • Sensory Properties
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