با همکاری انجمن علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی لاتین

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

2 علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان-دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست-گروه فرآوری آبزیان

چکیده

خاویار به‌عنوان شناخته‌شده‌ترین شکل از محصولات تخم ماهیان است. تخم ماهی به‌طور سنتی و رایج در آب‌نمک اشباع نمک‌سود می‌شود. علی‌رغم اهمیت این محصولات اطلاعات تکنیکی اندکی در مورد ترکیب شیمیایی، کیفیت محصول و امنیت غذایی این محصولات وجود دارد. تخم ماهی سفید (Rutilus frisii kutum) به‌مدت 14 روز در سه تیمار آزمایشی در محلول‏‌های 10، 18 و 24 درصد آب‌نمک قرار گرفت. پس از خروج از آب‌نمک تخم ماهی سفید به‌مدت 90 روز در دمای یخچال (4 درجه سانتی‌گراد) نگهداری گردید. pH، ترکیبات تقریبی، نمک و بازهای نیتروژنی فرار (TVN)، باکتری‌‏های سرمادوست، کلی‏فرم‌‏ها، باکتری‏‌های تولید‏کننده هیستامین و شاخص رنگ محصول موردارزیابی قرار گرفت. آزمایشات در ابتدای تولید و پس از 30، 60 و 90 روز نگهداری انجام شد. تیمار 10% در طی مرحله نمک‌سود فاسد شد و موردآزمایش قرار نگرفت. میزان رطوبت و TVN در تیمار 24% کمتر از تیمار 18% بود. pH و HFB در انتهای نگهداری و تعداد باکتری‌های کل سرمادوست در روزهای 60 و 90 بیشتر بودند. افزایش شاخص L* و کاهش مقدار a* در نمونه‌های 18% در روزهای 60 و 90 مشاهده شد، اما این افزایش در تیمار 24% تنها در روز 90 نگهداری مشاهده شد. فرآوری تخم ماهی سفید در آب‌نمک 18 درصد دارای شاخص‌های شیمیایی و میکروبی قابل‌قبولی در شرایط یخچال بود و تخم نمک سود‌شده در آب‌نمک 24 درصد شرایط بهینه را در طی نگهداری نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Chemical quality and microbiological content of Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) roe processed in different brine concentration during storage

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parastoo Pourashouri 1
  • Bahareh Shabanpour 2
  • Zeinab Noori Hashemabad 1

1 Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

2 Gorgan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources-Faculty of Fisheries and Environment-Aquatic Processing Department

چکیده [English]

Caviars represent the best-known form of fish roe products. The conventional method of roe processing includes saturated brine salting. However, despite the importance of these products, there is relatively little technical information available about their chemical composition, product quality and food safety attributes.
Three experimental treatments were provided with kutum roe brined in 10, 18 and 24% sodium chloride solutions for 14 days (24°C). Then, the brined-roes were removed from the solution and stored at 4°C for 90 days in refrigerator. The contents of proximate compositions, salt, volatile base nitrogen (VBN), total psychrotrophic bacteria and histamine forming bacteria, color were measured. Sampling was carried out at the first and at the end of days 30, 60 and 90 of storage period.
The samples brined in 10% solution putrefied during the brining and removed from study. The moisture and total volatile nitrogen content of 24% brined roes were lower than 18% treatment. The pH and histamine forming bacteria number at the end of storage and total psychrotrophic bacteria number after 60 days of storage were higher. The increase of L* value and the decrease of a* value in samples of brine 18% were observed on days 60 and 90 of storage, but this increase was induced only on the day 90 for samples of brine 24%.
18%brined roe showed acceptable chemical and microbial results in refrigerated condition, and 24% brine roe appeared optimal during storage period.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • kutum
  • roe
  • Shelf Life
  • Brine concentration
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