نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی فارسی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان.

2 بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران.

3 بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی- باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

شکل ظاهری میوه مهمترین شاخص ارزیابی بازارپسندی آن است. وجود هرگونه علایم آلودگی، پوسیدگی و نرم‌شدگی طی انبارمانی باعث کاهش بازارپسندی آن می‌شود. به‌منظور ارزیابی اثرات تیمار طبیعی و دما بر ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی در مرحله پس از برداشت آریل انار، آزمایشی در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان انجام گرفت. در این پژوهش عوامل مورد بررسی شامل نیتریک اکسید به‌عنوان ترکیب طبیعی (با غلظت‌های صفر، 5 و10 میکرومولار) و دما (2، 4 و 8 درجه سانتی‌گراد) بود. خواص مختلف کیفی میوه درفاصله زمانی هفت روز مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده، غلظت 10 میکرومولار نیتریک اکسید و نگهداری در دمای 8 درجه سانتی‌گراد نقش مؤثرتری را نسبت به سایر تیمارها بر ویژگی‌های افت وزن، حفظ مواد جامد محلول، اسید آسکوربیک، فنل کل، آنتوسیانین، آنزیم پراکسیداز، شاخص طعم و ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدان داشت و به‌طور چشمگیری باعث کاهش محتوای مالون دی‌آلدهید و نشت الکترولیت در طول انبارمانی شد. با گذشت زمان میزان فعالیت آنزیم پلی‌فنل اکسیداز در تمام تیمارها افزایش یافت. اما آریل‌های تیمار شده کمترین میزان فعالیت آنزیم را داشتند. آریل‌های تیمارشده با 10 میکرومولار نیتریک اکسید در دمای 8 درجه سانتی‌گراد بالاترین کیفیت ظاهری را داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Abdollahi, R., Asghari M., Esmaiili M. and Abdollahi, A., 2013, Postharvest nitric oxide treatment effectively reduced decays of selva strawberry fruit, International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 6(6): 353-355. (in persian with english abstract)
Abe, K. and Ogata, K., 1978, Chilling injury in eggplant fruits. V. Changes of K ion leakage and contents of phospholipids during storage and effects of phenolic compounds on K ion leakage, phospholipids content and ultrastructural changes of eggplant fruit sections, Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science, 47:111-120.
Amal, s.h., Atress, El-Mogy., Aboul-Anean, M.M., and Alsanius, B.W., 2010, Improving Strawberry Fruit Storability by Edible Coating as a Carrier of Tymol or Calcium Chloride, Journal of Horticultural Science & Ornamental Plant, 2(3): 88-97.
Antunes, M.C. and Sfakiotakis, E. M., 2008, Changes in fatty acid composition and electrolyte leakage of 'Hayward' kiwifruit during storage at different temperatures, Food chemistry, 10:891-896.
AOAC, 2008, Official methods of analysis of the association of official analytical chemists, Vol. II. Arlington, VA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.
Ayala-Zavala, J.F., Wang, S.Y., Wang, C.Y. and Gonzalez-Aguilar, G.A., 2007, High oxygen treatment increases antioxidant capacity and postharvest life of strawberry fruit, Food Technology and Biotechnology, 45:166-173.
Barman, K., Siddiqui, M., Patel, V. and Prasad, M., 2014, Nitric oxide Reduces Pericarp Browning and Preserves Bioactive Antioxidants in Litchi, Sci. Hortic, 171: 71-77.
Bogdan, C., 2001, Nitric oxide and the regulation of gene expression, Trends in Cell Biology, 112: 66–75.
Chance, B. and Maehly, A.C., 1955, Assay of catalases and peroxidases, Methods Enzymol, 11:764-755.
Chaturvedula, V., Sai, P. and Indra, P., 2011, Bioactive Chemical Constituents from Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Juice, Seed and Peel-A Review, International Journal of Research in Chemistr and Environment, 1:1-18.
Duan, X., Su, X., You, Y., Qu, H., Li, Y. and Jiang, Y., 2007, Effect of nitric oxide on pericarp browning of harvested longan fruit in relation to phenolic metabolism, Food Chem, 104: 571–576
Dushni, M. and Zakaye, M.R., 2008, Physiology and post-harvest technology, First edition. Hamadan University Press, Hamedan, 658 pages.
El-Dien Salama, M., Ayaad, H.M., Aboul-Anean, H.E. and Fahmy, H.M., 2012, Effect of edible coating as a carrier of essential oils and ultraviolet light (UV-C) on improving quality of minimally processed Manfalouty pomegranate, Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 8(2): 315-324.
Emamifar, A., 2014, Assess the impact of oral aloe vera gel as a coating on microbial characteristics, physicochemical and sensory strawberries fresh during storage, Journal of Food Science and New Technologies, 2(6): 15-29.
Ghasemnezhad, M., Sherafati, M. and Payvast, A., 2011,Variation in phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity of five coloured bell pepper (Capsicum annum) fruits at two different harvest times, Journal Funct Foods, 3:44–49.
Hakim, K.A, Sarkar, M.A.R., Rahman, S.M., Ibrahim, M. and Ibrahim, M.K., 2013, Effect of post-harvest treatments on physiochemical characters during storage of two banana (Musa spp. L.) cv. Sabri and Amritasagar, International Journal of Biosciences, 3:168-179.
He, J.Y., Jiang, L.H, Wang, Y.M., joyce, D.C., Ji, Z.L. and Lu, W.J., 2008, Role of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in heat pretreatment-induced chilling tolerance in banana fruit, Physiologia Plantarum, 132:318–328.
Hodges, D.M., DeLong, J.M., Forney, C.F. and Prange, R.K., 1999, Improving the thiobarbituric acid-reactive-substances assay for estimating lipid peroxidation in plant tissues containing anthocyanin and other interfering compounds, Planta, 207, 04-611.
Holcroft, D. M. and Kader, A. A., 1999, Carbon dioxide-induced changes in colour and anthocyanin synthesis of stored strawberry fruit. HortScience, 34, 1244-1248.
Hong, K., Gong, D., Xu, H., Wang, S., JiaZ., Chen, J. and Zhang, L., 2014, Effects of salicylic acid and nitric oxide pretreatment on the expression of genes involved in the ethylene signalling pathway and the quality of postharvest mango fruit, New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 42:205-216.
Lai, T., Li, B., Qin, G. and Tian, S., 2011, Oxidative damage involves in the inhibitory effect of nitric oxide on spore germination of Penicillium expansum, Current Microbiology, 62:229–234.
Li, X.P., Wu, B., Guo, Q., Wang, J.D., Zhang, P., and Chen, W.X., 2014, Effects of nitric oxide on postharvest quality and soluble sugar content in papaya fruit during ripening, Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 38:591-599.
Lopez-Rubira, V., Conesa, A., Allende, A. and Artes A, 2005, Shelf life and overall quality of minimally processed pomegranate arils modified atmosphere packaged and treated with UV-C, Postharvest biology and Technology. 37: 174–185.
Mirdehghan, S. H. and Rahemi, M., 2002, Reduction of chilling injury in the pomegranate (Punica granatum) fruit by intermittent warming, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science, 33(1), 75-80. (In Persian with English abstract)
Mirdehghan, S. H., Rahemi, M., Serrano, M., Guillen, F., Martinez-Romero, D. and Valero, D., 2007., The application of polyamines by pressure or immersion as a tool to maintain functional properties in stored pomegranate arils,, Journal of Agriculture Food Chemistry, 55, 755–760.
Muanda, F.N., Soulimani R., Diop, B. and Dicko, A., 2011, Study on chemical composition and biological activities of essential oil and extracts from Stev reia baudiana Bertoni leaves, LWT - Food Science and Technology, 44: 1865-72.
Pizzocaro F., Torreggiani D., and Gilardi G. 1993. Inhibition of apple polyphenol oxidase (PPO) by ascorbic acid, citric acid and sodium chloride, Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 17, 21–30.
Rahemi, M ., 2006, Post-harvest physiology (An introduction to the physiology and handling of fruit and vegetables), Shiraz University Press.(Iran)
Saadatian, M., Ahmadiyan, S., Akbari, M. and Balouchi., Z., 2012, Effects of Pretreatment with Nitric oxide on Kiwifruit Storage at Low Temperature, Adv. Environ. Biol, 1902-1909.
Shi, H.T., Li, R.J., Cai, W., Liu, W., Fu, Z.W., Lu, Y.T., 2012, In vivo role of nitric oxide in plant response to abiotic and biotic stress, Plant Signaling and Behavior, 7: 437–439.
Shuhua, Z., Lina, S., Mengchen, L. and Jie, Z., 2008, Effect of nitric oxide on reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes in kiwifruit during storage, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 13:2324-2331.
Shui, G. and Leong, LP. 2002, Separation and determination of organic acids and phenolic compounds in fruit juices and drinks by high-performance liquid chromatography, Journal of Chromatography A, 977(1): 89-96.
Singh, D. and Singh, R.K, 2004, Processed products of pomegranate, Nat Prod Radiance, 3: 66–68.
Singh, Z., Khan, A.S., Zhu, S. and Payne, A.D., 2013, Nitric oxide in the regulation of fruit ripening: challenges and thrusts. Stewart Postharvest Review, 9: 1–11.
Varasteh, F., Arzani, K., Barzegar, M. & Zamani, Z., 2012, Changes in anthocyanins in arils of chitosan-coated pomegranate (Punica granatum L. cv. Rabbab-e-Neyriz) fruit during cold storage. Food Chemistry, 130: 267-272.
Wang, Y., Luo, Z., Du, R., Liu, Y. and Mao, L., 2013, Effect of nitric oxide on antioxidative response and proline metabolism in banana during cold storage, Journal of Agriculture Food, 61: 37.8880-8887.
Yang, A.P., Cao, S.F., Yang, Z.F., Cai, Z.T. and Zheng, Z.H., 2011, γ-aminobutyric acid treatment reduces chilling injury and activates the defense response of peach fruit, Food Chemistry, 129:1619-1622.
Zaharah, S.S. and Singh, Z., 2011, Postharvest nitric oxide fumigation alleviates chilling injury delays fruit ripening and maintains quality in cold-stored ‘Kensington Pride’ mango, Postharvest Biol Technol, 60:202–210
Zanardo, D.I.L., Zanardo, F.M.L., Ferrarese, M.D.L.L., Magalhaes, J.R. and Filho, O.F., 2005.Nitric oxide affecting seed germination and peroxidase activity in canola (Brassica napus L.), Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants, 11: 81-86.
Zhang, M., Tao, Q., Huan, Y.J., Wang, H.O. and Li C.L, 2002, Effect of temperature control and humidity on the preservation of Jufeng grapes, International Agrophysics, 16: 277-280.
Zheng, X., Tian, S., Gidley, M.J., Yue, H. and Li, B., 2006, Effects of oxalic acid on control of postharvest browning of litchi fruit, Food Chemistry, 96:519-523.
Zhou, Y., Li, S. and Zeng, K., 2016, Exogenous nitric oxide‐induced postharvest disease resistance in citrus fruit to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Journal of the science of food and agriculture, 96:505-512.
Zhu, L.Q., Zhou, J., Zhu, S.H. and Guo, L.H., 2009, Inhibition of browning on the surface of peach slices by short-term exposure to nitric oxide and ascorbic acid, Food Chemistry, 114:174-179.
Zhu, S., Sun, L. and Zhou, J., 2009. Effects of nitric oxide fumigation on phenolic metabolism of postharvest Chinese winter jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill. cv. Dongzao) in relation to fruit quality, LWT - Food Science and Technology, 42:1009-1014 114:174-179.
Zhu, S., Sun, L., Liu, M. and Zhou, J., 2008, Effect of nitric oxide on reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes in kiwifruit during storage, Journal of the Sci of Food and Agriculture, 88:2324–2331.
CAPTCHA Image