with the collaboration of Iranian Food Science and Technology Association (IFSTA)

Document Type : Research Article-en

Authors

1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Bu Ali-Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.

2 Department of Horticultural Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.

Abstract

The effects of mixed coating based on aloe vera (AG) and gum tragacanth (GT) on the microbial, physicochemical and sensorial properties of fresh strawberries were evaluated during 20 days of storage (1 oC, 95 % RH) compared to uncoated fruits. The coating solutions were prepared by mixing solution of AG diluted 1:3 with distilled water and GT solution (0.6 % w/v in distilled water) at different concentrations (25 % AG +75 % GT, 50 % AG +50 % GT and 75 % AG +25 % GT). Microbial stability (fungi (yeasts and molds) and total aerobic bacteria), physiochemical characteristics (ascorbic acid (AA), weight loss, firmness, titratable acidity, soluble solid content (SSC), anthocyanin content, total phenolic and antioxidant activity) and sensory attributes (color, taste, odor and overall) of the samples were evaluated after 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 days of storage compared to uncoated fruits. Comparing with untreated fruits, 50 % AG +50 % GT treatment significantly (p

Keywords

Aday MS, Temizkan R, Büyükcan MB, Caner C. (2013). An Innovative Technique for Extending Shelf Life of Strawberry: Ultrasound. LWT - Food Science Technology 52, 93–101.
Adetunji CO, Fawole OB, Arowora KA, Nwaubani SI, Ajayi ES, Oloke JK, Majolagbe OM, Ogundele BA, Aina JA, Adetunji J B. (2012). Effects of Edible Coatings from Aloe Vera Gel on Quality and Postharvest Physiology of Ananas Comosus (L.) Fruit during Ambient Storage. Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Bio-Tech & Genetics 12, 39-43.
Akhtar T, et al. (2016). Identification of Microbial Contamination of Popular Fruits of Bangladesh and Assessment the Effects of Alternative Preservatives Instead of Formalin. American Journal of Microbiological Research 4 138-142.
Atress ASH, El-Mogy MM, Aboul-Anean HE, Alsanius BW. (2010). Improving Strawberry Fruit Storability by Edible Coating as a Carrier of Thymol or Calcium Chloride. Journal of Horticultural Science & Ornamental Plants 2, 88-97.
AOAC. (2002). Acidity (Titratable) of Fruit Products. Gaithersburg, MD: Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, Official Method 942.15.
AOAC. (2002). Solids (Soluble) in Fruits and Fruit Product: Refractometer Method. Gaithersburg, MD: Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, Official Method 932.12.
AOAC. (2002). Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in Vitamin Preparations and Juices: 2, 6 Dichloroindophenol Titrimetric Method Final Action. Gaithersburg, MD: Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, 2002. Official Method 967.21.
Ayala-Zavala JF, Wang SY, Wang CY, Gonzalez-Aguilar GA. (2005). Methyl Jasmonate in Conjunction with Ethanol Treatments Increased Antioxidant Capacity, Aroma Compounds and Postharvest Life of Strawberry Fruit. European Food Research and Technology 22, 1438-1443.
Balaghi S, Mohammadifar MA, Zargaraan A. (2010). Physicochemical and Rheological Characterization of Gum Tragacanth Exudates from Six Species of Iranian Astragalus. Food Biophysics 5:1, 59-71.
Barth M, Hankinson TR, Zhuang H, Breidt F. (2009).Microbiological Spoilage of Fruits and Vegetables. In W.H. Sperber, M.P. Doyle (Eds.), Compendium of the Microbiological Spoilage (pp. 257-275). Springer-Verlag New York.
Benitez S, Achaerandio I, Sepulcre F, Pujola M. (2013). Aloe Vera Based Edible Coatings Improve the Quality of Minimally Processed 'Hayward' Kiwifruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology 81, 29–36.
Bifani V, Ramirez C, Ihl M, Rubilar M, Garcia A, Zaritzky N. (2007). Effects of Murta (Ugni Molinae Turcz) Extract on Gas and Water Vapor Permeability of Carboxymethylcellulose-Based Edible Films. LWT - Food Science and Technology 40, 1473-1481.
Bower JH, Biasi WV, Mitcham EJ. (2003). Effect of Ethylene and 1-MCP on the Quality and Storage Life of Strawberries. Postharvest Biology and Technology 28, 471-423.
Cheng G, Breen P. (1991). Activity of Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase (PAL) and Concentrations of Anthocyanins and Phenolics in Developing Strawberry Fruit. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116, 865-869.
Cordenunsi BR, Genovese MI, Nascimiento JRO, Hassimotto NMA, Santos, RJ, Lajolo, FM. (2005). Effects of Temperature on the Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Three Strawberry Cultivars. Food Chemistry 91: 113– 121.
Del-Vallea V, Hernandez-Muñozb P, Guardac A, Galottod MJ. (2005). Development of a Cactus-Mucilage Edible Coating (Opuntia Ficus Indica) and Its Application to Extend Strawberry (Fragaria Ananassa) Shelf-Life. Food Chemistry 91, 751–756.
El Gaouth A, Arul J, Ponnampalam R, Boulet M. (1991). Chitosan Coating Effect on Storability and Quality of Fresh Strawberries. Journal of Food Science 12, 1618–1632.
Emamifar A, Kadivar M, Shahedi M, Soleimanian-Zad S. (2010). Evaluation of Nanocomposite Packaging Containing Ag and Zno on Shelf Life of Fresh Orange Juice. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 11, 742–748.
Ergun M, Satici F. (2012). Use of Aloe Vera Gel as Biopreservative for ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Red Chief’ Apples. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 22, 363-368.
Erkan M, Wang YS, Wang YC. (2008). Effect of UV Treatment on Antioxidant Capacity, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Decay in Strawberry Fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology 48, 163-171.
Fayazzadeh E, Rahimpour S, Ahmadi SM, Farzampour S, Anvari MS, Boroumand MA, Ahmadi SH. (2014). Acceleration of Skin Wound Healing with Tragacanth (Astragalus) Preparation: An Experimental Pilot Study In Rats. Acta Medica Iranica 52,3-8.
Ferro VA, Bradbury F, Cameron P, Shakir E, Rahman SR, Stimson WH. (2003). In Vitro Susceptibilities of Shigella Flexneri and Streptococcus Pyogenes to Inner Gel of Aloe Barbadensis Miller. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43, 1137-1139.
Flores-Felix JD, Silva LR, Rivera LP, Marcos-Garcia M, Garcia-Fraile P, Martinez-Molina E, Rivas R. (2015). Plants Probiotics as a Tool to Produce Highly Functional Fruits: The Case Of Phyllobacterium And Vitamin C In Strawberries. PLoS ONE, 10:4, 1-10.
Garcia LC, Pereira LM, de Luca Sarantopoulos CIG. Hubinger MD. (2012). Effect of Antimicrobial Starch Edible Coating on Shelf-Life of Fresh Strawberries. Packaging Technology and Science 25, 413–425.
Garcia-Sosa K, Villarreal-Alvarez N, Lubben P, Peña-Rodriguez LM. (2006). Chrysophanol, an Antimicrobial Anthraquinone From Tthe Root Extract of Colubrina Greggii. Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society 50, 76-78.
Gavlighi HA, Meyer AS, Zaidel DN, Mohammadifar MA, Mikkelsen JD. (2013). Stabilization of Emulsions By Gum Tragacanth (Astragalus Spp.) Correlates to the Galacturonic Acid Content and Methoxylation Degree of The Gum. Food Hydrocolloids 31:1, 5-14.
Ghayempour S, Montazer M, Mahmoudi Rad M. (2015). Tragacanth Gum as a Natural Polymeric Wall for Producing Antimicrobial Nanocapsules Loaded With Plant Extract. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 81, 514-520.
Giampieri F, Tulipani S, Alvarez-Suarez JM, Quiles JL, Mezzetti B, Battino M. (2012). The Strawberry: Composition, Nutritional Quality, and Impact on Human Health. Nutrition 28:1, 9-19.
Gol NB, Patel PR, Rao TR. (2013). Improvement of Quality and Shelf Life of Strawberries with Edible Coatings Enriched with Chitosan. Postharvest Biology and Technology 85,185-195.
Han C, Zhao Y, Leonard SW, Traber MG. (2004). Edible Coatings to Improve Storability and Enhance Nutritional Value of Fresh and frozen Strawberries (Fragaria X Ananassa) and Raspberries (Rubus ideaus). Postharvest Biology and Technology 33, 67–78.
Hassanpour H. (2015). Effect of Aloe Vera Gel Coating on Antioxidant Capacity, Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Decay in Raspberry Fruit. LWT - Food Science and Technology 60, 495-501.
Hernandez-Muñoz P, Almenar E, Del Valle V, Velez D, Gavara R. (2008). Effect of Chitosan Coating Combined with Postharvest Calcium Treatment on Strawberry (Fragaria Ananassa) Quality During Refrigerated Storage. Food Chemistry 110, 428–435
Jasso de Rodriguez D, Hernandez-Castillo R, Rodriguez-Gracia l, Angulo-Sanchez JL. (2005). Antifungal Activity in Vitro of Aloe Vera Pulp and Liquid Fraction Against Plant Pathogenic Fungi. Industrial Crops and Products 21, 81–87.
Jiang YM, Joyce DC, Terry LA. (2001). 1-Methylcyclopropene Treatment Affects Strawberry Fruit Decay. Postharvest Biology and Technology 23, 227–232.
Kalt W, Forney CF, Martin A, Prior RL. (1999). Antioxidant Capacity, Vitamin C, Phenolics and Anthocyanins after Fresh Storage of Small Fruits. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 47:11, 4638-4644.
Kader AA. (1998). Influence of Preharvest and Postharvest Environment on Nutritional Composition of Fruits and Vegetable. In Quebedeaux B, Bliss FA. (Eds.). Horticulture and Human Health, Contribution of Fruits and Vegetables. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
Kelebek H, Selli S, Canbas A, Cabaroglu T. (2009). HPLC Determination of Organic Acids, Sugars ,Phenolic Compositions and Antioxidant Capacity of Orange Juice and Orange Wine Made From a Turkish cv.Kozan. Microchemical Journal 91:2, 187-192.
Koyuncu MA. (2004). Quality Changes of Three Strawberry Cultivars during the Cold Storage. European Journal of Horticultural Science 65, 193–200.
Lee SK, Kader AA. (2000). Pre-harvest and Post-Harvest Factors Influencing Vitamin C Content of Horticultural Crops. Postharvest Biology and Technology 20:3, 207-220.
Mali S, Grossmann MVE. (2003). Effects of Yam Starch Films on Storability and Quality of Fresh Strawberries (Fragaria ananassa). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 51, 7005-7011.
Marpudi SL, Abirami LSS, Pushkala R, Srividya N. (2011). Enhancement of Storage Life and Quality Maintenance of Papaya Fruits Using Aloe Vera Based Antimicrobial Coating. Indian Journal of Biotechnology 10, 83-89.
Martinez-Romero D, Castillo S, Guillen F, Diaz-Mul HM, Zapata PJ, Valero D, Serrano M. (2013). Aloe Vera Gel Coating Maintains Quality and Safety of Ready-To-Eat Pomegranate Arils. Postharvest Biology and Technology 86, 107–112.
Martinez-Romero D, Alburquerque N, Valverde, JM, Guillen F, Castillo S, Valero D, Serrano M. (2006). Postharvest Sweet Cherry Quality and Safety Maintenance by Aloe Vera Treatment: A New Edible Coating. Postharvest Biology and Technology 39: 93–100.
Mohebbi M, Ansarifar E, Hasanpour N, Amiryousefi MR. (2012). Suitability of Aloe Vera and Gum Tragacanth as Edible Coatings for Extending the Shelf Life of Button Mushroom. Food Bioprocess Technology 5, 3193-3202.
Mostafavi RS, Kadkhodaee R, Emadzadeh B, Koocheki A. (2016). Preparation and Characterization of Tragacanth–Locust Bean Gumedible Blend Films. Carbohydrate Polymer 139, 20-27.
Muthulakshmi S. (2013). Investigation on the Biopolymers Papain, Gum Acacia, Gum Tragacanth and Gum Guar; Physical and Antimicrobial Properties. Thesis submitted on manonmaniam Sundaranar University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of doctor of philosophy in physics. Reg no 2335.
Navarro D, Diaz-Mula HM, Guillen F, Zapata PJ, Castillo S, Serrano M, Valero D, Martinez-Romero D. (2011). Reduction of Nectarine Decay Caused by Rhizopus stolonifer, Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium digitatum with Aloe Vera Gel Alone or with the Addition of Thymol. International Journal of Food Microbiology 151, 241–246.
Nejatzadeh-Barandozi, F. (2013) Antibacterial Activities and Antioxidant Capacity of Aloe Vera. Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 3, 2-8.
Park HJ, Byun YJ, Kim YT, Whiteside WS, Bae HJ. (2014). Processes and Applications for Edible Coating and Film Materials from Agropolymers. In J.H. Han (Eds.), Innovations in Food Packaging, Second Edition. (pp. 257-275). Elsevier Ltd.
Park SI, Stan SD, Daeschel MA, Zhao Y. (2005). Antifungal Coatings on Fresh Strawberries (Fragaria × Ananassa) to Control Mold Growth during Cold Storage. Journal of Food Science 70, 202-207.
Pasquariello MS, Rega P, Migliozzi T, Capuano LR, Scortichini M, Petriccione M. (2013). Effect of Cold Storage and Shelf Life on Physiological and Quality Traits of Early Ripening Pear Cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae 162, 341–350.
Pelayo C, Ebeler SE, Kader AA. (2003). Postharvest Life and Flavor Quality of Three Strawberry Cultivars Kept At 5oC In Air or Air+20kpa CO2. Postharvest Biology and Technology 27, 171-183.
Plaza L, Sanchez-Moreno C, Elez-Martinez P, De Ancos B, Martin-Belloso O, Cano, M P. (2006). Effect of Refrigerated Storage on Vitamin C and Antioxidant Activity of Orange Juice Processed by High-Pressure or Pulsed Electric Fields with Regard to Low Pasteurization. European Food Research and Technology 223, 487–493.
Ponappa T, Scheerens JC, Miller AR. (1993). Vacuum Infiltration of Polyamines Increases Firmness of Strawberry Slices under Various Storage Conditions. Journal of Food Science 58, 361-364.
Rahman MM, Moniruzzaman M, Ahmad MR, Sarker BC, Alam MK. (2016). Maturity Stages Affect the Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life of Fruits of Strawberry Genotypes Growing in Subtropical Regions. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences 15, 28–37.
Reynolds T, Dweck AC. (1999). Aloe vera leaf gel: a review update. J Ethnopharmacol 68: 3-37.
Saks Y, Barkai-Golan R. 1995. Aloe Vera Gel Activity Against Plant Pathogenic Fungi. Postharvest Biology and Technology 6, 159-165.
Saffari MM, Farzi M, Emam-Djomeh Z, Moini S, Mohammadifar MA. (2013). Applying Iranian Gum Tragacanth to Improve Textural Properties of Maltodextrin Microcapsules. Journal of Texture Studies 44, 12–20.
Samanta A, Ojha D, Mukherjee B. (2010). Stability Analysis of Primary Emulsion Using a New Emulsifying Agent Gum Odina. Natural Science 2:5, 494-505.
Sanchez-Moreno C, Larrauri JA, Saura-Calixto F. (1999). A Procedure to Measure the Antiradical Efficiency of Polyphenols. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 76, 270–276.
Serrano M, Valverde JM, Guillen F, Castillo S, Martinez-Romero D, Valero D. (2006). Use of Aloe Vera Gel Coating Preserves the Functional Properties of Table Grapes. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54:11, 3882-3886.
Singh BR, Dubey S, Siddiqui MZ. (2015). Antimicrobial Activity of Natural Edible Gums. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3:11, 2217-2221.
Singha SP, Singha Z, Swinny EE. (2009). Postharvest Nitric Oxide Fumigation Delays Fruit Ripening and Alleviates Chilling Injury during Cold Storage of Japanese Plums (Prunus salicina Lindell). Postharvest Biology and Technology 53, 101–108.
Singleton VL, Orthofer R, Lamuela-Raventos RM. (1999). Analysis of Total Phenols and Other Oxidation Substrates and Antioxidants by Means of Folin–Ciocalteu, Reagent. Methods in Enzymology 299, 152–178
Skrovankova S, Sumczynski D, Mlcek J, Jurikova T, Sochor J. (2015). Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Different Types of Berries. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16, 24673-24706.
Sogvar OB, Koushesh Saba M, Emamifar A. (2016). Aloe Vera and Ascorbic Acid Coatings Maintain Postharvest Quality and Reduce Microbial Load of Strawberry Fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology 114, 29-35.
Šuput DZ, Lazić VL, Popović SZ, Hromiš NM. (2015). Edible Films and Coatings – Sources, Properties and Application. Food and Feed Research 42, 11-22.
Tanada-Palmu SP, Grosso CRF. (2005). Effect of Edible Wheat Gluten-Based Films and Coatings on Refrigerated Strawberry (Fragaria. ananassa) Quality. Postharvest Biology and Technology 36, 199-208.
Tapia MS, Rojas-Graü MA, Carmona A, Rodriguez FJ, Soliva-Fortuny R, Martin- Belloso O. (2008). Use of Alginate- and Gellan-Based Coatings for Improving Barrier, Texture and Nutritional Properties of Fresh-Cut Papaya. Food Hydrocolloids 22, 1493–1503.
Treviño-Garza MZ, Garcia S, del Socorro Flores-Gonzalez Ma, Arevalo-Niño, K. (2015). Edible Active Coatings Based on Pectin, Pullulan, and Chitosan Increase Quality and Shelf Life of Strawberries (Fragaria ananassa). Journal of Food Science 80, M1823–M1830.
Valverde JM, Valero D, Martinez-Romero D, Guillen F, Castillo S, Serrano M. (2005). Novel Coating Based on Aloe Vera Gel to Maintain Table Grape Quality and Safety. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53, 7807–7813.
Vieira J, Lopez M, Rodriguez Diana Jasso de, Sousa Maria C, Vicente A, Martins Joana A. (2016). Effect of Chitosan Aloe Vera Coating on Postharvest Quality of Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) Fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology 116, 88-97.
Wang SY, Lewers KS. (2007). Antioxidant Capacity and Flavonoid Content in Wild Strawberries. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 132:5, 629–637.
Wills RBH, Ku VVV, Leshem YY. (2000). Fumigation with Nitric Oxide to Extend the Postharvest Life Of Strawberries. Postharvest Biology and Technology 18, 75- 79.
Wu YW, Ouyang J, Xiao, XH, Gao, WY, Liu Y. (2006). Antimicrobial Properties and Toxicity of Anthraquinones by Microcalorimetric Bioassay. Chinese Journal of Chemistry 24, 45-50.
Yaman Ö, Bayoindirli L. (2002). Effects of An Edible Coating and Cold Storage on Shelf-Life and Quality of Cherries. LWT-Food Science and Technology 35, 146–150.
Yang FM, Li HM, Li F, Xin ZH, Zhao LY, Zheng YH, Hu QH. (2010). Effect of Nano-Packing on Preservation Quality of Fresh Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch. cv Fengxiang) During Storage at 4 °C. Journal of Food Science 75, 236–240.
Zafari E, Mohammadkhani A, Roohi V, Fadaei A, Zafari H. (2015). Effect of Exogenous Putrescine and Aloe Vera Gel Coating on Post-Harvest Life of Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) Fruit, Cultivar Kamarosa. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences 8, 785-791.
Zhang H, Ma L, Turner M, Xu, H, Zheng X, Dong Y, Jiang, S. (2010). Salicylic Acid Enhances Bio Control Efficacy of Rhodotorula glutinis Against Postharvest Rhizopus Rot of Strawberries and the Possible Mechanisms Involved. Food Chemistry 122, 577-583.
Zheng Y, Wang SY, Wang CY, Zheng W. (2007). Changes in Strawberry Phenolics, Anthocyanins, and Antioxidant Capacity in Response to High Oxygen Treatments. LWT-Food Science and Technology 40:1, 49–57
CAPTCHA Image