مجله پژوهشهای علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

با همکاری انجمن علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

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اهداف و چشم انداز

بانک ها و نمایه نامه ها

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بررسی پتانسیل گوشت کشت شده: پیشرفت‌های فناورانه، چشم‌انداز پایداری و چالش‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری لاتین

نویسندگان

گروه علوم و غذایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

چکیده

دامپروری سنتی به‌دلیل اثرات زیانبار بر محیط‌زیست و محدودیت در امکان توسعه مقیاس تولید، یکی از عوامل اصلی چالش جهانی عدم امنیت غذایی محسوب می‌شود. کشت سلول‌های جانوری در شرایط کنترل شده، منجر به تولید گوشت کشت داده شده یا گوشت مصنوعی گردیده که می‌تواند گزینه‌ای اخلاقی‌تر و سازگارتر با محیط‌زیست برای تأمین امنیت غذایی باشد. این مقاله مروری، پتانسیل گوشت مصنوعی را با تحلیل دقیق تأثیرات آن بر سیستم‌های جهانی تولید و توزیع مواد غذایی، چشم‌انداز پایداری آن، پیشرفت‌های تکنولوژیکی حاصل شده و موانع پیش رو، برای رفع معضل امنیت غذایی مورد ارزیابی قرار می‌دهد. تحلیل چرخه حیات نشان می‌دهد تولید گوشت مصنوعی، اثرات زیست‌محیطی به مراتب کمتری نسبت به گوشت سنتی دارد. پیشرفت‌های علمی مهم در زمینه‌های فناوری داربست‌ها، مهندسی بافت و طراحی بیوراکتورها، تولید گوشت مصنوعی را به تجاری‌سازی نزدیک‌تر کرده است. با این حال، موانع قابل توجهی نیز وجود دارد که باید مرتفع شوند؛ از جمله امکان تولید انبوه در مقیاس بزرگ با هزینه مقرون به صرفه، تطبیق با چارچوب‌های پیچیده قانون‌گذاری و نظارتی، تضمین ایمنی و سلامت محصول و افزایش پذیرش آن از سوی مصرف‌کنندگان. برای غلبه بر این چالش‌ها و تحقق وعده گوشت مصنوعی در راستای بهبود امنیت غذایی و تغذیه، حفظ پایداری محیط‌زیست و رعایت رفاه حیوانات، اتخاذ رویکردی میان‌رشته‌ای که ابعاد علمی، فنی، قانونی و اجتماعی را در نظر می‌گیرد، امری ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Exploring the Potential of Cultured Meat: Technological Advancements, Sustainability Prospects, and Challenges

نویسندگان [English]

  • Pouya Ramezani
  • Ali Motamedzadegan

Department of Food Science and Technology, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran

چکیده [English]

The effects of traditional livestock farming on the environment and its limited scalability contribute to the persistent worldwide dilemma of food insecurity. Growing animal cells under regulated conditions has given rise to cultured meat, which might be a more ethical and ecological option. The potential of cultured meat to solve issues with food security is critically examined in this review article, which does so by thoroughly analyzing its effects on global food systems, sustainability prospects, technical breakthroughs, and related obstacles. Life cycle analyses show that the environmental impact of producing cultured meat is much lower than that of producing traditional meat. Significant scientific advancements have moved the production of cultured meat closer to commercial viability, including scaffold advances, tissue engineering, bioreactor design, and cell line optimization. There are still a number of formidable obstacles to overcome, including establishing large-scale manufacturing at a reasonable cost, negotiating intricate regulatory environments, guaranteeing product safety, and cultivating customer acceptability. To overcome these challenges and realize the promise of cultured meat to improve food and nutrition security while promoting environmental sustainability and animal welfare, an interdisciplinary strategy incorporating scientific, technical, regulatory, and social views is essential.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioreactor design
  • Cultured meat
  • Food security
  • Environmental sustainability
  • Scaffolding

©2024 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
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مجله پژوهشهای علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران
دوره 20، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 87
مرداد و شهریور 1403
صفحه 81-103
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  • تاریخ دریافت: 09 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 27 خرداد 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 تیر 1403
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 09 تیر 1403
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