بهینه‌سازی فرمولاسیون نان باگت با گانودرما لوسیدوم (Ganoderma leucidum)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی فارسی

نویسندگان

• سعید عزیزخانی
• لیلا ناطقی

گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، واحد ورامین– پیشوا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ورامین، ایران.

https://doi.org/10.22067/ifstrj.2022.73383.1109

چکیده

امروزه خواص زیست فعال بسیاری از قارچ‌ها به اثبات رسیده است. یکی از قارچ‌هایی که به‌لحاظ دارا بودن خواص درمانی متعدد به‌عنوان بهترین قارچ دارویی نام‌گذاری شده است قارچ گانودرما لوسیدوم (Ganoderma leucidum) است. از آنجا که تولید و مصرف مواد غذایی رژیمی و فراسودمند رو به افزایش است و با توجه به وجود ترکیبات فراسودمند موجود در قارچ گانودرما، این قارچ می‌تواند گزینه‌ای مناسب جهت تولید محصولات غذایی فراسودمند به حساب آید. لذا هدف از این تحقیق بررسی امکان غنی‌سازی نان باگت با قارچ گانودرما در سطوح (5/0، 1، 5/1، 2 و 5/2 درصد) به جای آرد و بررسی ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی (درصد خاکستر، رطوبت، فیبر، اسیدیته و pH)، خواص رئولوژیکی (شاخص‌های مقاومت خمیر، طول کشیده شدن خمیر، کشش‌پذیری خمیر، ضریب ایندکس، الاستیسیته، زمان پایداری خمیر و انرژی پخت)، بافت‌سنجی (پیوستگی، فنریت، صمغیت، قابلیت جویدن، چسبندگی و سختی)، ترکیبات فنلی، بیاتی نان، خواص میکروبی (کپک و کلی‌فرم) و حسی آن بود. بررسی خواص فیزیکوشیمیایی نشان داد با افزایش میزان قارچ گانودرما سطح 5/2 درصد در آرد نان باگت، شاخص‌های خاکستر، رطوبت، فیبر و اسیدیته افزایش و شاخص‌ pH کاهش یافت. بررسی خواص رئولوژیکی خمیر نشان داد درصدهای مختلف قارچ گانودرما لوسیدوم بر تمامی شاخص‌های رئولوژیکی خمیر معنی‏دار بود (05/0≥p) و افزودن قارچ باعث کاهش مقادیر شاخص‌های فوق گردید. نتایج بررسی بافت‌سنجی نشان داد با افزایش مقدار قارچ گانودرما لوسیدوم تا سطح 5/2 درصد، شاخص پیوستگی، فنریت، صمغیت، قابلیت جویدن و سختی نمونه‌ها کاهش و شاخص چسبندگی افزایش یافت. مطابق با نتایج افزودن قارچ و افزایش میزان آن تا سطح 5/2 درصد باعث افزایش معنی‌دار ترکیبات فنلی و فیبر در نمونه‌های نان گردید (05/0≥p). نتایج ارزیابی میکروبی نشان داد با افزایش قارچ به نان باگت و افزایش میزان آن تعداد کلی فرم‌ها و کپک در تیمارها به صورت معنی‌دار کاهش یافت (05/0≥p). بررسی نتایج ارزیابی حسی نشان داد افزایش قارچ تا میزان 5/2 درصد به نمونه‏های نان باگت باعث اندکی کاهش در امتیاز مزه، رنگ، بو و پذیرش کلی در مقایسه با نمونه شاهد گردید. با توجه به نتایج می‌توان تا 2 درصد به نان باگت قارچ اضافه نمود و از میزان بالاتر فیبر، ترکیبات فنلی، بیاتی و بار میکروبی کمتر آن در نان باگت بهره جست بدون اینکه اثر نامطلوب روی خواص حسی آن داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• غنی‌سازی
• نان باگت
• قارچ گانودرما لوسیدوم
• Ganoderma leucidum

موضوعات

• شیمی مواد غذایی

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