افزایش عمر ماندگاری فیله مرغ با پوشش زیست تخریب‌پذیر کیتوزان حاوی اسانس آویشن شیرازی (Zataria multiflora Boiss) طی نگهداری در یخچال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• ذبیح اله بهمنی ¹
• پرستو ابوالفتحی ²

¹ گروه بیوتکنولوژی و فرآوری آبزیان، پژوهشکده اکولوژی خلیج فارس و دریای عمان، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی. بندرعباس، ایران

² گروه بیوتکنولوژی علوم و صنایع غذایی دانشگاه رودکی، تنکابن، ایران.

https://doi.org/10.22067/ifstrj.2021.69985.1035

چکیده

پوشش‌های زیست تخریب‌پذیر جایگزین مناسبی برای بسته‌بندی‌ با مواد پلاستیکی، با توجه به مشکلاتی که در بازیافت و آلودگی طبیعت دارند، می‌باشند. در این پژوهش، عمر ماندگاری فیله مرغ با استفاده از پوشش زیست تخریب‌پذیر کیتوزان به همراه اسانس آویشن شیرازی در دمای یخچال (C^°2 ±4) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تیمارها شامل شاهد، تیمار 2% کیتوزان، تیمار 5/1% اسانس و تیمار حاوی 2% کیتوزان به‌همراه 5/1% اسانس بود که به مدت 24 روز در دمای C^°4 نگهداری شدند. خواص ضد‌‌میکروبی و ضد‌‌اکسایشی کیتوزان و اسانس آویشن شیرازی با به‌ترتیب سنجش میزان کل ترکیبات فنولیک، مهار رادیکال آزاد (DPPH) و آزمون احیاء آهن (FRAP) تعیین شد وکیفیت فیله مرغ با آزمون های شیمیایی؛pH، TBA، TVB-N و میکروبی (باکتری‌های مزوفیلو سودوموناس) در فواصل زمانی 4 روزمورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج ارزیابی شاخص‌های pH، (mg MDA/kg fat) TBA، (mg N/100g) TVB-N، TMC و سودوموناس (CFU/g) طی دوره نگهداری در یخچال روند افزایشی داشته و مقادیر آن‌ها در روز 24 نگهداری در تیمار شاهد به‌ترتیب 5/7، 9/2، 5/43، 67/8، 5/8 و در تیمارهای پوشش‌دهی شده با کیتوزان 2% و اسانس 5/1% به‌ترتیب 6/6، 78/1،8/26، 7/6 و 42/6 بوده‌ است که به‌ترتیب کمترین و بیشترین عمرماندگاری را نشان دادند. با توجه به این که پوشش حاوی 2% کیتوزان به همراه 5/1% اسانس آویشن شیرازی باعث افزایش عمر ماندگاری فیله‌های مرغ شده است بنابراین، جهت نگهداری فرآورده‌های گوشتی مناسب می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• فیله مرغ
• آویشن شیرازی
• کیتوزان
• پوشش زیست تخریب‌پذیر

عنوان مقاله [English]

Shelf life extension of chicken fillets by biodegradable chitosan coating containing Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil during refrigeration

نویسندگان [English]

• Zabihalh Bahmani ¹
• Parastoo Abolfathi ²

¹ Department of Biotechnology and Seafood Processing, Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Institute of Fisheries Science Research of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization. Bandar Abbas, Iran.

² Biotechnology of food science and industry from Rodaki University, Tonekabon, Iran.

چکیده [English]

[1]Introduction: With increasing demand for chicken meat, the chemical composition of meat carcasses has become more important. Despite advances in medical care and food technology in recent years, foodborne infections and food poisoning, as well as food spoilage in developed and developing countries are still a major problem for human health and the economy. During the storage period, the quality characteristics of meat is shortened due to bacterial and oxidative spoilage. Oxidative spoilage causes unpleasant odors, unpleasant changes in taste, and changes in the structure of nutrients and reduces the nutritional value of the product. While spoilage and microbial contamination lead to product wastage and poses serious health risk to consumers. Increasing interest in using less synthetic preservatives has led to use of natural derivatives with antimicrobial properties. Biodegradable coatings are a good alternative to plastic packaging, given the problems they have with recycling and environmental pollution. Chitosan coating containing Zataria multiflora essential oil is known to possess good antioxidant and antibacterial properties due to the presence of thymol and carvacrol compounds and their ability to establish hydrogen bonds with other monoterpenes such as γ-tropenes.
 
Materials and methods: Zataria multiflora was purchased in the spring from Sari Medicinal Plants Store. It’s essential oil was prepared by distillation method using Clevenger and then dehydrated with sodium sulfate and passed through 0.45 μm syringe filters and stored in dark containers at 4°C (Rezaie et al., 2015).In this study, the use of biodegradable and edible coating of chitosan with thyme essential oil to increase the shelf life of chicken fillets during refrigeration was investigated. Treatments included control, 2% chitosan, 1.5% essential oil and treatment containing 2% chitosan with 1.5% essential oil, which were stored at 4 ° C for 24 days. The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of chitosan and thyme essential oil were evaluated by measuring the total amount of phenolic compounds, free radical scavenging (DPPH), and FRAP. Quality assessment with chemical tests; pH, TBA, TVB-N, and microbial count (mesophilic bacteria and Pseudomonas) were measured at 4-day intervals.
 
Results and discussion: The results of quality assessment during the refrigeration period for all treatments showed an increasing trend in pH. TBA (mg MDA/kg fat), TVB-N (mg N/100g), TMC and Pseudomonas (CFU/g) in coated treatments with 2% chitosan and 1.5% essential oil on day 24 of storage were 6.6, 1.78, 26.8, 6.7 and 6.42, respectively, and showed the highest shelf-life. Since, thyme essential oil and chitosan have increased the shelf-life of chicken fillets due to their antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.
The use of biopolymers such as chitosan, gelatin, etc., which have a good ability to maintain and release antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds, is increasing in food packaging. In this study, the preservation effects of chitosan coating containing Zataria multiflora essential oil on increasing the shelf life of chicken fillets were investigated and it was found that chitosan coating and Zataria multiflora essential oil alone and in combination had good preservation effects. According to the results, 2% chitosan coating containing Zataria multiflora essential oil can increase the shelf life of chicken fillets, which is due to the very good performance of chitosan coating containing Zataria multiflora essential oil due to its synergistic effect on antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Between chitosan coating and thyme essential oil in preventing microbial growth and chemical spoilage and shelf life for control treatments, chitosan 2%, thyme essential oil 1.5%, and chitosan 2% containing thyme essential oil 1.5% respectively 8, 16, 16 and 24 days. Therefore, they can be used to store chicken fillets and meat products.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Chicken fillet
• Zataria multiflora Boiss
• chitosan
• Biodegradable coating

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