نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی فارسی
نویسندگان
گروه علوم وصنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.
چکیده
واکنش گلیکوزیلاسیون غیرآنزیمی (مایلارد) به‌طور گسترده‌ای جهت بهبود ویژگی‌های بیولوژیکی و عملکردی پروتئین‌ها و پلیساکاریدها استفاده شده است. در این پژوهش، پریبیوتیک اینولین و قندهای پیشساز آن (گلوکز و فروکتوز) از طریق واکنش مایلارد با کیتوزان گلیکوزیله گردید. تغییرات pH، محصولات حد واسط و نهایی، تغییرات ساختاری، ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و ویژگی ضدمیکروبی سامانه‌های کانژوگه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. فرآیند حرارتی سبب کاهش معنی‌دار pH سامانه‌های کیتوزان- ساکارید گردید. بالاترین شدت ترکیبات حد واسط (A 294nm) و کمترین شدت قهوه‌ای شدن (A 420nm) در سامانه کیتوزان- فروکتوز مشاهده شد؛ در حالیکه کانژوگه کیتوزان- اینولین بیشترین A 420nm و کمترین نسبت تبدیل محصولات میانی به نهایی (A 294nm/A 420nm) را نشان داد. اتصال کووالانی کیتوزان به ساکاریدهای اینولین، فروکتوز و گلوکز با استفاده از طیف‌سنج فروسرخ تبدیل فوریه (FTIR) تأیید گردید. واکنش مایلارد منجر به تشکیل محصولاتی با فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی قابل‌توجه شد و به استثنای سامانه کیتوزان- گلوکز، سایر نمونه‌های کانژوگه حداقل غلظت مهارکنندگی و کشندگی کمتری نسبت به نمونه‌های غیرکانژوگه نشان دادند که بیانگر بهبود فعالیت ضدمیکروبی کیتوزان بعد از واکنش با اینولین و فروکتوز می‌باشد. مطابق نتایج، کانژوگه‌های مایلارد، به‌ویژه اینولین- کیتوزان می‌تواند نوع جدیدی از ترکیبات زیست‌فعال بر پایه‌ی پریبیوتیک با ویژگی‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی و ضدمیکروبی جهت استفاده در صنایع غذایی باشد.
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