شناسایی ترکیبات شیمیایی، قدرت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، محتوای تام فنل و فلاونوئید کل و سمیت سلولی اسانس رزماری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• محسن ابراهیمی همتی کیخا ¹
• حسین جوینده ¹
• بهروز علیزاده بهبهانی ¹
• محمد نوشاد ²

¹ گروه علوم و مهندسی صنایع غذایی، دانشکده علوم دامی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

² گروه علوم و مهندسی صنایع غذایی، دانشکده علوم دامی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

https://doi.org/10.22067/ifstrj.2021.68369.1013

چکیده

رزماری با نام علمی Rosmarinus officinalis L. گیاهی از تیره نعناعیان می‌باشد که به دلیل داشتن خواص‌های گوناگون از جمله خواص دارویی، پزشکی و طعم‌دهنده در صنایع مختلف مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. در پژوهش حاضر ترکیبات شیمیایی موجود در اسانس رزماری به‌وسیله دستگاه کروماتوگرافی گازی متصل طیف‌سنج جرمی تعیین گردید. ارزیابی محتوای تام فنلی و فلاونوئید اسانس رزماری به‌ترتیب با استفاده از روش‌های ﻓﻮﻟﯿﻦ- ﺳﯿﻮﮐﺎﻟﺘﻮ و رنگ‌سنجی به کمک آلومینیوم کلراید صورت پذیرفت. ارزیابی اثرات آنتی‌اکسیدانی اسانس رزماری به دو روش DPPH و  ABTS محاسبه شد. میزان اثر سمیت سلولی اسانس رزماری بر رده‌های سلولی سرطان روده بزرگ ( (HT29 به روش MTT مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ترکیبات گروه‌های عاملی زیست فعال موجود در اسانس با استفاده از طیف‌سنجی مادون قرمز تبدیل فوریه بررسی شد. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه ترکیبات شیمیایی اسانس رزماری شامل 29 ترکیب بودند که در مجموع 22/94% از کل اسانس را شامل شدند. عمده‌ترین ترکیب شناسایی شده در اسانس رزماری ترکیب اوکالیپتول با میزان 13/40% بود. محتوای تام فنلی اسانس رزماری 55/72 میلی‌گرم گالیک اسید در گرم اسانس و میزان فلاونوئید آن برابر با 36 میلی‌گرم کوئرستین اکی‌والان در گرم اسانس بود. میزان سنجش مهار رادیکال آزاد در دو روش DPPH و ABTS به‌ترتیب برابر با 74/78% و 97/81% به‌دست آمد. نتایج مربوط به میزان سمیت سلولی اسانس رزماری نشان داد که اثر سیتوتوکسیک وابستگی زیادی به غلظت داشته و با افزایش غلظت اسانس میزان سمیت سلولی نیز افزایش یافت. تجزیه و تحلیل طیف‌سنجی مادون قرمز تبدیل فوریه حضور ترکیبات آلدهیدها، کتون‌ها، اسیدهای کربوکسیلیک، استرها و آلکن‌ها را اثبات نمود. نتایج مربوط به تمامی آزمون‌های اسانس رزماری نشان داد که این اسانس می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک منبع بالقوه در صنایع داروسازی و غذایی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد

کلیدواژه‌ها

• اسانس
• کروماتوگرافی گازی
• طیف‌سنجی مادون قرمز تبدیل فوریه
• رادیکال آزاد

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of chemical compounds, antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents and cytotoxicity effect of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil

نویسندگان [English]

• Mohsen Ebrahimi Hemmati Kaykha ¹
• Hossein Jooyandeh ¹
• Behrooz Alizadeh Behbahani ¹
• Mohammad Noshad ²

¹ Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran

² Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.

چکیده [English]

[1]Introduction: Oxidative reactions are needed for human survival, but these reactions can sometimes be destructive. There is a lot of evidence that shows many disorders (neurological, renal, hepatic) and diseases such as cancer and vascular diseases, and even food spoilage are caused by oxidative reactions of free radicals. Some types of reactive oxygen species, such as oxygenated water, and free radicals such as hydroxyl and superoxide, can react with certain fats, nucleic acids, and proteins in the body to kill them. In general, any substance that delays or prevents the oxidation process is called an antioxidant. In various studies that have been done so far, the antioxidant and protective properties of the novel plants have been reported. Among other species of medicinal plants, the rosemary plant with the scientific name (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) belongs to the mint family, the leaves of which are used as an additive in many foods. This plant is cultivated in many parts of the world, including Iran, but the main habitat of this plant has been attributed to the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. The purpose of this study was to identify chemical compounds, antioxidant effects, total phenolic and flavonoids contents, and cytotoxicity effect of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil (ROEO) on colorectal cancer cell line (HT29) and identification of functional groups of ROEO using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
 
Materials and methods: In the present study, the analysis of chemical compounds in ROEO was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The total phenolic and flavonoid content of ROEO was evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu and colorimetry using aluminum chloride, respectively. Antioxidant properties of ROEO were evaluated by DPPH and ABTS methods. The cytotoxic effect of ROEO on colorectal cancer cell lines (HT29) was evaluated by MTT method. The compositions of the functional groups present in the essential oil were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
 
Results and discussion: The chemical analysis of ROEO comprised of 29 compounds, which composed 94.22% of total essential oil. The main compound identified in the essential oil used in this study was eucalyptol with 40.13%.  Total phenolic content was 72.55 mg gallic acid per gram of essential oil and its flavonoid content was 36 mg QE/g. The ROEO antioxidant activity for both DPPH and ABTS tests were 78.74% and 81.97%, respectively. The results of cytotoxic effect of ROEO showed that the cytotoxic effect of ROEO was highly dependent on its concentration. The higher the concentration of essential oil, the higher the level of cytotoxicity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of aldehyde compounds, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters and alkenes. The results of all ROEO tests showed that this essential oil can be used as a potential source in the pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic and health industries.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Essential oil
• Gas chromatography
• Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
• Free radical

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