نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی فارسی
نویسندگان
1 گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.
2 گروه پژوهشی افزودنی های غذایی، پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری مواد غذایی، سازمان جهاد دانشگاهی خراسان رضوی.
چکیده
آنتی‌اکسیدان‌های طبیعی اصولاً ترکیبات فنولی، پلی‌فنولی و کاروتنوئیدی هستند که در میوه درخت عناب یافت می‌شود. هدف از این مطالعه بهینه‌سازی شرایط استخراج ترکیبات فنولیک از میوه عناب به دو روش حلالی و روش سیال فوق بحرانی کربن دی‌اکسید جهت یافتن نقاط بهینه استخراج و کاهش میزان حلال مصرفی و ارزیابی فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی عصارههای استخراجی می باشد. در روش استخراج با حلال از طرح باکس بنکن با سه متغیر دما، زمان و نسبت حلال و در روش فوق بحرانی از طرح مرکب مرکزی با دو متغیر دما و فشار جهت بهینه‌سازی استفاده شده است. دما، زمان و نسبت حلالها در روش استخراج با حلال برای رسیدن به حداکثر میزان فنول کل به‌ترتیب برابر oC54/43، hr46/3 و 92/44 درصد بهدست آمد و نسبت حلال و دما بیشترین تاثیر را بر میزان فنول کل دارا بودند. همچنین دما و فشار در روش فوق بحرانی برای رسیدن به حداکثر میزان فنول کل برابر oC19/34 و bar 323 حاصل شد. میزان فنول کل استخراجی در نقطه بهینه در روش استخراج با حلال برابر 21/26 و در روش فوق بحرانی برابر 74/22 میلی‌گرم گالیک اسید به گرم عصاره خشک بود. در خصوص خاصیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی نیز IC50 در نقطه بهینه در روش استخراج با حلال برابر 6/581 و در روش فوق بحرانی برابر 8/532 بود. در هر دو روش میزان فنول کل رابطه مستقیم با فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی داشت و روش فوق بحرانی با وجود برخورداری از میزان فنول کمتر دارای قدرت آنتی‌اکسیدانی بیشتری بود.
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