Research Article
Amir Pourfarzad; Mohammad Hossein Hadad Khodaparast; Mahdi Karimi; Seyed Ali Mortazavi
Abstract
The effect of adding sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate (SSL) and propylene glycol (PG) (0 - 0.5 g/100g) to emulsifier gel formulation on the crumb and crust characteristics of Barbari bread fortified with soy flour in order to optimize these characteristics were evaluated. The obtained results showed that ...
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The effect of adding sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate (SSL) and propylene glycol (PG) (0 - 0.5 g/100g) to emulsifier gel formulation on the crumb and crust characteristics of Barbari bread fortified with soy flour in order to optimize these characteristics were evaluated. The obtained results showed that addition of SSL caused an increase in the crumb and crust L* and cell density. The a*, b*, average cell size and porosity of bread crumb decreased by increasing SSL. PG had increasing effect on b* of crumb and decreasing effect on L* of crust. However, no significant difference (p ≥ 0.05) was observed in a* and b* of crust. The results for optimization using central composite design suggested that a mixture containing 0.5 g/100g of SSL and 0.5 g/100g of PG could be a proper improver gel to achieve the best characteristics.
Research Article
Ahmad Ehtiati; Fakhri Shahidi; Mohebbat Mohebbi; Masoud Yavarmanesh
Abstract
SMP was substituted by WPC in four levels for preparing reconstituted milk. Two ropy and one nonropy starter cultures was used for Doogh preparation. Yield stress, viscosity, consistency index and pseudoplastic behavior of Doogh increased by increasing WPC content. Results showed that WPC increased colloidal ...
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SMP was substituted by WPC in four levels for preparing reconstituted milk. Two ropy and one nonropy starter cultures was used for Doogh preparation. Yield stress, viscosity, consistency index and pseudoplastic behavior of Doogh increased by increasing WPC content. Results showed that WPC increased colloidal particles dimension and constructed a network which led to a decrease in Doogh phase separation (%32 at the highest level of WPC) during storage. Starter type had no effect on the Doogh stabilization. It does not have any effect on the studied physical properties in the presence of WPC, as well. Adding WPC to milk leads to improve of physical properties and stability of Doogh but using EPS producing starter cultures requires further studies in this field.
Research Article
Nafiseh Vahedi; Mostafa Mazaheri Tehrani; Seyed Mohammad Ali Razavi; Rassoul Kadkhodaee
Abstract
Low-fat butter is water in oil emulsion comprising a continuous fat phase including butter, emulsifiers and colorants and also a dispersed aqueous phase including water, stabilizers and proteins. In this research, by using protein components especially full-fat soy flour, a product were produced which ...
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Low-fat butter is water in oil emulsion comprising a continuous fat phase including butter, emulsifiers and colorants and also a dispersed aqueous phase including water, stabilizers and proteins. In this research, by using protein components especially full-fat soy flour, a product were produced which has extreme similarity to ordinary butter and also has good organoleptic properties. Water : butter ratio, soy flour : sodium caseinate ratio and emulsifier content were the designed factors and their effects on sensory properties of low-fat butter such as softness, spreadability, crumbling, hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, melting rate, mouth coating, gumminess, butter flavor, soy flavor and finally overall acceptance were evaluated. The Central Composite Design (CCD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were employed as experimental design and statistical analysis. Based on final results, the optimum formulation for low-fat butter were: water : butter ratio as 1.03 (50% water and 48.5% butter), soy flour : sodium caseinate as 1.57 (5% soy flour and 3.2% sodium caseinate) and 0.66% emulsifier. Apart from good nutritional effects of final product due to high protein content and lower fat content, that was spreadable at low temperatures and also has plastic characteristics of butter at ambient condition.
Research Article
Hasan Ghiasi; Shahrokh Jebraeili; Seyed Mahdi Jafari; Yahya Maghsoudlou
Abstract
In this study the factors controlling the software colorimetry (Photoshop), including illumination (direct and indirect), image background (white and black), camera settings (zoom, light, resolution and environmental conditions) and the conversion equations of R, G, B images to L *, a *, b *, compared ...
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In this study the factors controlling the software colorimetry (Photoshop), including illumination (direct and indirect), image background (white and black), camera settings (zoom, light, resolution and environmental conditions) and the conversion equations of R, G, B images to L *, a *, b *, compared with the results of the device were investigated and optimized. The results showed that the factors affecting the photography which werw found to be just the background color and light setting of camera would have the most significant effect on software colorimetery and white background and indirect illumination were the best conditions. significant difference was observed between software and instrumentally colorimetry after optimization the effective factors on photography also relationships used in the conversion were not careful enough. Therefore in consideration of the difference between physical characteristics of foods surface with a color chart (used to optimize the imaging conditions) it is necessary for optimization a software colorimetery system to use the regression between software and device colorimetry results of test foods.
Research Article
Elahe Eshraghi; Mahdi Kashani-Nejad; Yahya Maghsoudlou; Shahram Beiraghi-Toosi; Mehran Alami
Abstract
The aim of this research was to use Osmosis-Ultrasound Compound pre-treatment and studying the time of drying and the potentiality to rehydration in dried samples of kiwi fruit (Hayvard variety). The samples were drained in three timed phases, 10, 20 and 30 minutes in room temperature in 30, 50 and 70 ...
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The aim of this research was to use Osmosis-Ultrasound Compound pre-treatment and studying the time of drying and the potentiality to rehydration in dried samples of kiwi fruit (Hayvard variety). The samples were drained in three timed phases, 10, 20 and 30 minutes in room temperature in 30, 50 and 70 BX in Ultrasound bath osmosis solutions. The results of drying time showed that by decreasing the concentration of kiwi fruits samples from 8 to 6 mm and increasing the concentration of osmosis solution and ultrasound time, the time of gaining 20% moisture decreased for each treatment. The studies showed that the minimum time for getting 20% moisture in 6 and 8 mm kiwi fruits in pre-treated samples with 70 BX and 30 minutes ultrasound time is 263 and 313 minutes respectively. The results of rehydration in pre-treated compound samples showed that by increasing the concentration of osmosis solution, as well as the time for Ultrasound waving and increasing the kiwi fruits samples concentration from 6 to 8 mm, the rehydration decreased compared to control sample. The results of perceptive assessment in general acceptance of dried kiwi fruit showed that using pre-treated compound sample was more acceptable than the control sample.
Research Article
Sepideh Haghighat Kharazi; Reza Esmaeilzadeh kenari; Zeynab Raftani Amiri
Abstract
The present study attempts to investigate the effect of thermal treatment at 180 °C for 8 hours on chemical changes, quality indexes and oxidative stability of three Iranian common virgin olive oils (Zard, Mari and Phishomi). Oil samples were taken every 2h of heating treatment and assessed for fatty ...
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The present study attempts to investigate the effect of thermal treatment at 180 °C for 8 hours on chemical changes, quality indexes and oxidative stability of three Iranian common virgin olive oils (Zard, Mari and Phishomi). Oil samples were taken every 2h of heating treatment and assessed for fatty acid composition, conjugated diene value, carbonyl value, color index and oxidative stability index. Prior to the treatment, the total amount of phenolic compounds was also measured. Mari oil showed the highest amount of phenolic compounds (P
Research Article
Elnaz Ghasemtabar; Amir Hossein Goli; Ali Nasirpour
Abstract
Milk and fruit juice due to the high nutritional value, are widely consumed by society’s people. Pomegranate juice in spite of nutritional value has oldness in consumption and milk-pomegranate juice product could be desirable specifically for the consumers who are keen to experience new formulation ...
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Milk and fruit juice due to the high nutritional value, are widely consumed by society’s people. Pomegranate juice in spite of nutritional value has oldness in consumption and milk-pomegranate juice product could be desirable specifically for the consumers who are keen to experience new formulation and taste. Milk-juice beverage is a type of acidified milk drink that one of the main problems in production of the beverage is its low pH. In this study, in order to optimize the milk-pomegranate juice beverage formulation, three factors of milk, pomegranate juice and pectin content were selected. Formulation optimization and determination of optimum levels of each factor was carried out using response surface methodology (RSM) and to study the effect of storage time, optimum milk-pomegranate juice formulations were stored in refrigerator for 42 days and their physicochemical properties were evaluated. The results showed that the effect of milk and pectin content and factors interaction were significant on sedimentation and separation responses. The treatment of 50% pomegranate juice, 20% milk, 30% water and 0.63% pectin had the most nutritional value and can be recommended to be produced. The results revealed that production of milk –pomegranate juice beverage without any sedimentation and seperation by using pectin as stabilizer is possible and the product storage in the refrigerator had no negative effect on its nutritional value.
Research Article
Hamed Hosseini; Mohammad Ghorbani; Alireza Sadeghi Mahoonak; Yahya Maghsoudlou
Abstract
Oxidative stability of walnut (Juglansregia L.) was evaluated over a period of 1 year storage in various conditions. The whole walnuts, walnut kernels, walnut chopped kernels, walnut kernels packaged in polyethylene (PET) under vacuum and poly propylene (PP) contain of CO2 were kept in a normal condition ...
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Oxidative stability of walnut (Juglansregia L.) was evaluated over a period of 1 year storage in various conditions. The whole walnuts, walnut kernels, walnut chopped kernels, walnut kernels packaged in polyethylene (PET) under vacuum and poly propylene (PP) contain of CO2 were kept in a normal condition (temperature, 19-30˚С and relative humidity (RH), 35-45%). The whole walnuts and walnut kernels were also kept in refrigerator (4˚С, RH 75%). Some quality parameters for the oil extracted from walnut kernels were measured throughout the storage. Peroxide value of whole walnuts, walnut kernels and walnut chopped kernels pass over 2 meq O2/kg after 12, 10 and 8 months storage, respectively. Peroxide value of the packaged nuts and the nuts stored at cold storage were increased only 1 meq O2/kg over a period of 1 year storage. According to the statistically analysis results, the effect of storage condition and storage time on oxidative stability of walnuts were significant (p walnuts shell > contact surface of walnut kernels with environment were defined to maintain the quality of walnut kernels during long term storage.
Short Article
Sara Movahhed; Sanaz Zharfi; Hossein Ahmadi Chenarbon
Abstract
In recent years different additives have been used for enhancing quality and nutritional value of bread. Banana flour is a useful additive that contains significant amounts of fiber, protein, minerals and vitamins. In this research chemical tests (moisture, ash, protein and fiber) were carried on the ...
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In recent years different additives have been used for enhancing quality and nutritional value of bread. Banana flour is a useful additive that contains significant amounts of fiber, protein, minerals and vitamins. In this research chemical tests (moisture, ash, protein and fiber) were carried on the wheat flour, Banana flour was then added at levels of 10, 15 and 20% and toast breads were prepared according to semi-industrial method. Some rheological properties of dough samples containing banana flour were determined and then organoleptical properties of Toast breads as well as control treatment were measured by sensory panelist. Based on the results, incorporation of banana flour at various levels (10, 15 and 20%) improved all organoleptical properties of banana breads compared with control samples. Also increased the absorption of water, extension time, resistance, volumetric value and decreased the extremely ability of the samples. Also that all the samples of banana powder improved the resistance of the batch to tension and energy tests. In addition, samples containing 15 and 20% banana flour were found to be the best samples.
Short Article
Asal Gachpazian; Sodeif Azadmard Damirchi; Javad Hesari; Seyed Hadi Peighambardoust; Mahbub Nemati; Sadegh Alijani; Effat Ahmadi
Abstract
Milk and dairy products are in diet almost every day. Milk fat contains 70% of saturated fatty acids which can cause an increase in total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Therefor, modification of fat composition at dairy products such as yoghurt seems ...
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Milk and dairy products are in diet almost every day. Milk fat contains 70% of saturated fatty acids which can cause an increase in total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Therefor, modification of fat composition at dairy products such as yoghurt seems necessary. Walnut has high amount of essential fatty acids, anti oxidants and other beneficial components. In this study, ground walnut is added to yoghurt at level of 0 (control sample), 3, 6 and 9% and their texture properties (synersis and viscosity), sensory, fatty acids profile and dry matter were analysed every week for 4 weeks during storage. Results showed that fortification of yoghurt samples with ground walnut and storage had significant effects ( ) on synersis, viscosity, fatty acids profile and dry matter. Control sample had the highest synersis and the lowest viscosity and dry matter among samples. By adding ground walnut to yoghurt samples, the amount of saturated fatty acids decreased and the amount of unsaturated fatty acids increased. Major fatty acids of yoghurt incorporating ground walnut were linoleic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid, respectively. The highest final score in sensory evaluation in 1, 14 and 28 days of storage time were for yoghurt samples with 9% of gorund walnut, yoghurt with 6 and 3% of ground walnut and yoghurt with 3% of gorund walnut, respectively. Results of this study showed that adding ground walnut modifies yoghurt fat composition, forify it with essential fatty acids and also has good effect on its texure properties.
