نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

چربی منبعی از انرژی مورد نیاز بدن و ویتامین‌های محلول در آن بوده و برکیفیت و ویژگی‌های تکنولوژیک محصول نهایی مانند بافت و عطر و طعم موثر است. اما به دلیل اثرات زیانبار چربی بر سلامتی، امروزه محصولات کم‌چرب مورد استقبال تولید‌کنندگان و مصرف‌کنندگان قرار گرفته‌است. کاهش چربی سبب افت کیفیت فرآورده‌های گوشتی می‌گردد. برای جبران این افت کیفیت می‌توان از افزودنی‌هایی نظیر ژل آلوئه‌ورا استفاده کرد. در این پژوهش ژل آلوئه‌ورا جایگزین صفر، 50 و 100 درصد چربی حیوانی و روغن گیاهی در فرمولاسیون سوسیس آلمانی شد و خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی، میزان انرژی، رنگ، بافت و خصوصیات حسی نمونه‌های سوسیس اندازه‌گیری گردید. بر اساس نتایج حاصله با جایگزینی ژل تفاوت معناداری در میزان خاکستر، پروتئین و pH نمونه‌ها ایجاد نشد (05/0<p). کاهش چربی و افزودن ژل آلوئه‌ورا افزایش بسیار معناداری را در میزان رطوبت و کربوهیدرات نمونه ها ایجاد کرد. همچنین مقدار چربی و انرژی فرآورده را کاهش داد (01/0≥p). شاخص زردی نمونه‌ها با کاهش میزان چربی کاهش یافت (01/0≥p). اثر جایگزینی چربی بر مقدار روشنایی نمونه‌ها معنادار بود (01/0≥p) و با کاهش چربی حیوانی فرمولاسیون، مقدار روشنایی افزایش یافت، اما با کاهش مقدار روغن گیاهی میزان روشنایی کم شد. جایگزینی چربی با ژل آلوئه‌ورا بر مقدار قرمزی نمونه‌ها اثر معناداری نداشت (05/0<p). کاهش چربی، سفتی، قابلیت جویدن، حالت‌صمغی و چسبندگی را کاهش داد (05/0>p)، اما بر میزان کشسانی و پیوستگی نمونه‌ها اثرمعنی‌داری نداشت (05/0<p). از نظر ارزیاب‌های حسی نمونه فاقد چربی حیوانی بیشترین پذیرش کلی را دارا بود.

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