نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی فارسی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، موسسه آموزش عالی جهاد دانشگاهی کاشمر، کاشمر، ایران.

2 گروه پژوهشی کیفیت و ایمنی مواد غذایی، پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری مواد غذایی، جهاد دانشگاهی خراسان رضوی، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

تحقیقات نشان داده است که برخی پپتیدهای زیست‎فعال با بازدارندگی آنزیم مبدل آنژیوتنسین (ACE)، باعث حفظ انعطاف‌پذیری دیواره رگ‌ها و جلوگیری از افزایش فشار خون می‌شوند. پروتئین سویا به‌عنوان یک منبع این‌گونه پپتیدها شناخته‌شده است. در این تحقیق، از طرح کاملاً تصادفی در قالب فاکتوریل برای بررسی اثر افزودن ایزوله پروتئین سویا، پروتئین سویا اکسترودشده و هیدرولیزات پروتئین سویا در سطح‌های 5 و 10 درصد جایگزین آرد گندم و سه زمان تخمیر 30، 60 و 90 دقیقه، جهت بررسی فعالیت بازدارندگی ACE پپتیدهای جداشده از خمیر آرد گندم استفاده شد. عصاره آبی خمیر پس از بررسی پروفایل وزن مولکولی به‌روش SDS-PAGE و اطمینان از حضور غلظت مناسب پپتیدهای با وزن مولکولی کم، از غشای 3 کیلو دالتون عبور داده شد و پپتیدهای زیست‌فعال جداشده موردآزمون قرار گرفت. آنالیز واریانس نتایج نشان داد که نوع پروتئین، درصد جایگزینی و زمان تخمیر  بر شدت درجه هیدرولیز و بر میزان فعالیت بازدارندگی ACE، پپتیدهای زیست‌فعال جداشده از خمیر، مؤثر بودند (P<0.05). مقایسه میانگین نشان داد که خمیر حاوی هیدرولیزات پروتئین سویا بیشترین درجه هیدرولیز را داشت و همچنین بیشترین میزان بازدارندگی ACE در نمونه‌های حاوی این مشتق پروتئینی مشاهده شد. ایزوله پروتئین سویا و پروتئین سویا اکسترودشده، درجه هیدرولیز متفاوت ولی درصد بازدارندگی ACE مشابهی داشتند. براساس نتایج حاصل‌شده، جایگزینی آرد گندم با 5 درصد از هیدرولیزات پروتئین سویا تولید گونه‌های پپتید مؤثر در بازدارندگی ACE در خمیر را تا حد بازدارندگی بیشتر از 83 درصد امکان‌پذیر می‌سازد.

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