شبیه‌سازی انتقال جرم مغزهای پسته با استفاده از دینامیک سیالات محاسباتی (CFD) در حین خشک‌کردن بسترسیال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی لاتین

نویسندگان

• بهداد شدیدی ¹
• رضا امیری چایجان ²

¹ عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

² دانشیار/دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

https://doi.org/10.22067/ifstrj.2021.70119.1038

چکیده

خشک‌‎کردن مواد غذایی می‌تواند ماندگاری آن را افزایش داده و موجب کاهش هزینه حمل‌و‌نقل و نگهداری آن شود. قانون دوم فیک معمولاً برای ارزیابی فرآیندهای انتقال جرم در فرآیند خشک‌کردن به‌روش استاندارد مورداستفاده قرار می‌گیرد و براساس بسیاری از فرضیات است. درک معنای انتقال جرم در محصولات می‌تواند روند خشک‌شدن و کیفیت محصول را بهبود بخشد. دینامیک سیالات محاسباتی (CFD) با استفاده از ریاضیات قدرتمند رایانه‌ای و کاربردی به‌منظور پیش‌بینی انتقال جرم در فرآیندهای صنعتی، شرایط جریان سیال را مدل می‌کند. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی عددی رفتار خشک‌شدن مغز پسته با استفاده از روش CFD و ارزیابی نتایج عددی در شرایط بستر سیال، نیمه‌سیال و بستر ثابت و همچنین دمای هوا 45 ، 60 ، 75 و 90 درجه سانتی‌گراد بود. در حین خشک‌کردن با استفاده از دینامیک سیال محاسباتی و کد CFD Fluent، جریان‌های خارجی و ‌زمینه‎های دما در اطراف جسم استوانه‌ای (10 ×5/7 میلی‌متر) در تجزیه و تحلیل عددی پیش‌بینی می‌شود. برای آزمایشات خشک‌کردن از خشک‌کن بستر سیال آزمایشگاهی استفاده شد. قسمت‌های اصلی خشک‌کن فن شعاعی جلو، محفظه خشک‌کن، بخاری برقی، اینورتر و کنترل‌کننده دما است. اتصالات خشک‌کن سنسورهای دمای ورودی و خروجی، بادسنج و کامپیوتر هستند. بخش عددی انجام و با داده‌های تجربی کنار هم قرار گرفت. نتیجه حل عددی در دمای 60 درجه سانتی‌گراد، 75 درجه سانتی‌گراد و 90 درجه سانتی‌گراد به‌جز در دمای هوا 45 درجه سانتی‌گراد، بسیار نزدیک به نتایج تجربی بود. میانگین خطای مطلق در بستر ثابت، در دمای 60، 75 و 90 درجه سانتی‌گراد به‌ترتیب 2123/0، 1257/0 و 0337/0 بود که کمتر از دمای 45 درجه سانتی‌گراد و مقادیر R² برای این دماها به‌ترتیب 9903/0، 9705/0 و 9807/0 بود. با کاهش دما، مقادیر  و χ2 در تمام شرایط بستر افزایش می‌یابد. مقادیر متوسط R² برای تمام شرایط بستر اعمال‌شده 9850/0 محاسبه شد. این مقدار نشان داد که توافق زیاد بین نتایج تجربی و راه حل‌های عددی وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• خشک‌کن بستر سیال
• خشک‌کن بستر نیمه‌سیال
• خشک‌کن بستر ثابت
• نتایج تجربی
• مدل‌سازی
• حل عددی

موضوعات

• مهندسی مواد غذایی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mass transfer simulation of pistachio nuts using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) during fluid bed drying

نویسندگان [English]

• Behdad Shadidi ¹
• Reza Amiri Chayjan ²

¹ Assistant Professor, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

² Associate professor/Bu-Ali Sina University

چکیده [English]

The drying of food can extend the shelf life of food, reduce transportation and storage costs. Fick's second law is commonly used to evaluate the mass data in the drying process in a standard way and is based on many assumptions. Understanding the meaning of mass transfer in products can improve the drying process and product quality. Computational fluid dynamics (cfd) models fluid flow situations utilizing powerful computer and applied mathematics in order to predict mass transfer in industrial processes. The aim of this research was numerical study of the drying behavior of pistachio nut using CFD method and evaluating the numerical results in the bed condition of fluid, semi fluid and fix bed as well as air temperatures of 90, 75, 60 and 45°C. During drying using computational fluid dynamic and the Fluent CFD code, the external flow and temperature fields around the cylindrical object (7.5× 10 millimeter) will be predicted in the numerical analysis.  A laboratory fluid bed dryer was used for drying experiments. The main parts of the dryer are forward radial fan, drying chamber, electrical heater, inverter, temperature controller. The dryer attachment tools are input and output temperature sensors, anemometer and computer. The numerical part was verified and juxtaposed with the experimental data. The numerical solution result at 60, 75 and 90°C were so close to experimental results except for air temperature of 45°C. Mean absolute error in fix bed, at 60, 75 and 90°C were 0.2123, 0.1257 and 0.0337 which were lower than 45°C temperature and R² values for these temperatures were 0.9903, 0.9705 and 0.9807, respectively. As the temperature decreased, the values of E_abs and X² increased in all bed conditions. The average value of R² for all applied bed conditions was 0.9850. This value showed high correlation between experimental and numerical results.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Semi fluid bed drying
• Fluid bed drying
• Fix bed drying
• Experimental results
• Modeling
• Numerical solution

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