نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی فارسی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.

2 پژوهشکده علوم و صنایع غذایی، جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد

چکیده

در راستای تغییر عادت‌های غذایی مصرف فراورده‏های غله صبحانه به علت قابلیت مصرف راحت، مقرون به صرفه بودن و ارزش تغذیه‏ای بالا، دو چندان شده است. این فراورده‏ها لزوما باید ساختاری فشرده و متراکم با تخلخل کم داشته باشند تا در هنگام غوطه‌وری در شیر به‌واسطه سرعت جذب آب آهسته فراورده سبب حفظ بافت و تردی آن گردد. ضروری است جهت دستیابی به بافت مطلوب و تعدیل تجزیه نشاسته از دانه‌های با فیبر رژیمی بالا و فرایند اکستروژن استفاده گردد. اگرچه ادغام فیبر در فراورده‌ها، چالش‌های تکنولوژیکی به همراه دارد اما با استفاده از دانه برنج به‌عنوان منبع مهم نشاسته و مالتودکسترین می‌توان به ویژگی‌های مورد نظر رسید. در این پژوهش با هدف دستیابی به فراورده غله صبحانه با خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی، عملکردی و حسی مطلوب، ارزیابی اثر متغیرهای فرایند اکستروژن شامل رطوبت (12، 15 و 18 درصد)، سرعت مارپیچ (140، 170 و 200 دور بر دقیقه) و میزان کنجاله کتان (10، 20 و 30 درصد) بر ویژگی‌های فراورده مورد نظر بر پایه آرد برنج با استفاده از طرح آماری سطح پاسخ بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش رطوبت منجر به افزایش سختی بافت، سختی بافت پس از غوطه‌وری در شیر، شاخص جذب آب و کاهش شاخص حلالیت در آب، شاخص روشنایی، شاخص قرمزی و شاخص زردی فراورده گردید. افزایش سرعت مارپیچ سبب افزایش شاخص حلالیت در آب، شاخص قرمزی، شاخص زردی و کاهش نسبت انبساط، سختی بافت پس از غوطه‌وری در شیر، شاخص جذب آب و شاخص روشنایی رنگ شد. افزایش میزان کنجاله کتان باعث افزایش میزان سختی بافت پس از غوطه‌وری در شیر، شاخص قرمزی و کاهش نسبت انبساط، شاخص روشنایی، شاخص زردی، شاخص جذب آب گردید، شاخص حلالیت در آب ابتدا کاهش سپس افزایش یافت. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد استفاده از کنجاله کتان تا سطح 17 درصد به‌عنوان یک منبع غنی از فیبر رژیمی در فراورده‌های غله صبحانه اکسترود شده می‌تواند سبب تولید فراورده‌ای با ویژگی‌های تکنولوژیکی و حسی مطلوب گردد.

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