تاثیر استفاده از خشک‌کن خوابیده همزن‌دار با سیستم کنترل رطوبت بر فرایند خشک‌کردن شلتوک و فاکتورهای تبدیل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• عاصفه لطیفی ¹
• محمد علی کیه بادرودی نژاد ²
• محمدرضا علیزاده ³

¹ موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، معاونت مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی.

² محقق گروه برق و کامپیوتر دانشگاه دالهوزی کانادا.

³ هیات علمی موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور.

https://doi.org/10.22067/ifstrj.2021.71130.1068

چکیده

غیریکنواختی در خشک کردن شلتوک با استفاده از خشک‌کن بستر خوابیده متداول درکارخانه‌های شالیکوبی یکی از عوامل مؤثر بر افزایش درصد شکستگی برنج و ضایعات در مرحله تبدیل محسوب می‌شود. به‌منظور بهینه‌سازی فرایند خشک کردن، یک دستگاه خشک‌کن بسترخوابیده مجهز به همزن و سیستم کنترل خودکار رطوبت شلتوک در مقیاس آزمایشگاهی طراحی و ساخته شد و کارایی آن مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. متغیرهای آزمایش، نوع خشک‌کن در دو سطح (مجهز به همزن و سیستم کنترل رطوبت (خشک‌کن هوشمند) و بدون همزن (رایج)) و نوع شلتوک در چهار سطح (طارم هاشمی، گوهر، طارم محلی و شیرودی) بودند. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد، زمان خشک کردن شلتوک از رطوبت 2/14 درصد به رطوبت 5/8 درصد در خشک‌کن رایج به‌طور میانگین 1/43 ساعت و با خشک‌کن هوشمند 2/14 ساعت به طول انجامید. میانگین نرخ خشک کردن برای چهار رقم در خشک‌کن خوابیده 135/0 و در خشک‌کن هوشمند 412/0 درصد بر ساعت بوده است. اثر رقم بر راندمان تبدیل و راندمان برنج سالم (01/0p<) و اثر نوع خشک‌کن بر راندمان برنج سالم (05/0p<) معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین راندمان تبدیل و راندمان برنج سالم در رقم هاشمی (به‌ترتیب 2/69 و 7/87 درصد) و کمترین آن در رقم شیرودی (به‌ترتیب 2/62 و 8/57 درصد) به‌دست آمد. راندمان برنج سالم در خشک‌کن رایج به‌طور میانگین 9/67 درصد و در خشک‌کن هوشمند 2/73 درصد تعیین شد. نوع خشک‌کن تاثیر معناداری بر سفیدی رنگ ارقام نداشت. از بین چهار رقم فقط طارم هاشمی سفیدی رنگ بیشتری در خشک‌کن هوشمند نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• خشک‌کن شلتوک
• درجه سفیدی
• راندمان برنج سالم
• نرخ خشک کردن

موضوعات

• فناوری مواد غذایی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of batch dryer with agitator and moisture controller on drying paddy and milling factor

نویسندگان [English]

• Asefeh Latifi ¹
• Mohammadali Kiehbadroudinezhad ²
• Mohamad Reza Alizadeh ³

¹ , Department of food science and technology, Assistant Professor, Rice Research Institute of Iran, Mazandaran branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Amol, Iran.

² Graduate researcherDalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

³ Department of agricultural Machinery, Associate Professor, Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran.

چکیده [English]

[1]Introduction: Non-uniformity of dried paddy using conventional batch type dryer is one of the important factors on rice breakage and losses in milling operations in Iran. For optimizing drying process, a laboratory batch type paddy dryer with agitator and automatic moisture controller was designed and fabricated. The performance of the dryer was evaluated after fabrication.
 
Materials and Methods: The experimental variables were dryer type in two levels (batch dryer with agitator and batch dryer without agitator) and paddy variety in four levels (Hashemi, Gohar, Tarom and Shirodi). The time of drying, drying rate, milling yield, head rice yield, track percentage and whiteness, was conducted in factorial layout based on completely randomized design with three replications.
 
Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that the drying time from initial paddy moisture content (average of 14.2 %) to final moisture content (about 8.5 %) lasted about 14.2 h and 43.1 h in batch dryer with and without agitator, respectively. The average drying rate in batch dryer without agitator for all varieties was 0.135%.h^-1 and that of the batch dryer with agitator was 0.412%.h^-1. There was a significant effect of dryer type on milling recovery and head rice yield (P<0.01) of different variety (P<0.05). The highest milling recovery and head rice yield was determined in Hashemi (69.16 and 87.66 %, respectively) and the lowest corresponding values were registered in Shirodi (62.16 and 57.83 %, respectively). The head rice yield in batch dryer without and with agitator was found to be 67.91 % and 73.16 %, respectively. There was non-significant difference between percentages of track in two types of dryers. The rice whiteness of Hashemi variety dried with batch dryer with agitator (50.46 %) was significantly (P<0.01) higher than the rice whiteness in batch dryer without agitator (46.10 %), however there was non-significant difference between the means of rice whiteness in the other paddy varieties in the two tested dryers.
Fabrication and installation of dryer with agitator and automatic moisture controller has benefit of saving time of drying to one third and increasing head rice yield to 5% compare with traditional paddy dryer
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Paddy dryer
• Drying rate
• Head rice yield
• Whiteness

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