نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی فارسی
نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم و مهندسی صنایع غذایی، واحد صوفیان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، صوفیان، ایران.
2 گروه علوم و مهندسی صنایع غذایی، واحد صوفیان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، صوفیان، ایران
چکیده
تلاشهای گستردهای جهت توسعه بستهبندیهای بر پایه بیوپلیمرهای زیست تخریبپذیر و بهبود کارایی آنها صورت گرفته است. بیوپلیمرها که از منابع قابل تجدید کشاورزی حاصل میشوند جایگزینی مناسب برای پلاستیکهای سنتزی بهشمار میروند. اثر گلیسرول (%60- 20) بهعنوان نرمکننده و نانوکریستال سلولز (%30- 0) بهعنوان پرکن بر ویژگیهای نانوکامپوزیتهای ژلاتین- کربوکسی متیل سلولز مطالعه گردید. نانوسلولز مورد استفاده به روش هیدرولیز اسیدی تولید و توسط میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی و پراش اشعه ایکس مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. پس از تولید نانوکامپوزیتها به روش تبخیر حلال آزمونهای نفوذپذیری نسبت به بخار آب، حلالیت در آب، جذب رطوبت، زاویه تماس، خواص رنگی و خواص مکانیکی انجام یافت. فیلمهای تهیه شده زمانی که از نانوسلولز کمتری استفاده شد نفوذپذیری کمتری نسبت به بخار آب از خود نشان دادند (gm/m2Pas11-10× 62/3 تا 12-10× 23/2) ولی غلظتهای بالای نانوکریستال سلولز موجب افزایش نفوذپذیری نسبت به بخار آب می شود. با افزایش میزان گلیسرول به دلیل تشکیل پیوندهای جدید و از دسترس خارج شدن گروههای هیدروکسیل از مقادیر جذب رطوبت کاسته میشود البته در مقادیر پایین نانوکریستال سلولز وارد فضاهای خالی در ماتریکس فیلم شده و از حرکت آزادانه ملکولهای آب ممانعت به عمل میآورد. همینطور نمونههای تولید شده مقادیر جذب رطوبت بالا داشتند و زاویه تماس متوسطی در حدود 60 درجه از خود نشان دادند. در سطوح ثابت نانوکریستال سلولز با افزایش مقدار گلیسرول زاویه تماس کاهش یافته است چرا که گلیسرول بهعنوان یک ترکیب چند الکلی از خاصیت آبدوستی زیادی برخوردار است. اثر متقابل نانوسلولز و گلیسرول بر این ویژگی معنیدار است. در تیمارهای با سطوح پایین گلیسرول ازدیاد طول در نقطه شکست به زیر 5 درصد تقلیل یافته است. در خصوص استحکام کششی فیلمهای حاصل از قدرت بالایی برخوردار هستند و حداکثر استحکام کششی 37/84 مگاپاسکال بهدست آمد این مقدار در مورد تیماری است که از 40 درصد گلیسرول بدون افزودن نانوسلولز تهیه شده بود بهدست آمد افزودن نانوسلولز به مقدار 4 درصد باعث کاهش جزئی در استحکام کششی میشود. رنگ نمونهها مطلوب ارزیابی گردید. استفاده از گلیسرول به میزان 60 درصد و نانوسلولز به مقدار 4/4 درصد سبب تولید فیلم با ویژگیهای مطلوب میشود. بهکارگیری ژلاتین و کربوکسی متیل سلولز باعث تولید فیلمهایی گردید که از نظر نفوذپذیری نسبت به بخار آب و نم شوندگی سطوح نسبت به فیلمهای خالص دارای ویژگیهای بهبود یافتهای هستند.
کلیدواژهها
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