مجله پژوهشهای علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

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پروفایل اسید چرب و ترکیب شیمیایی سه جمعیت لویی (Typha domingensis) از جنوب ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی لاتین

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

2 مرکز تحقیقات علوم دارویی دریایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپور اهواز، اهواز، ایران

3 گروه‌های زراعت و زیست‌شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

لیپیدها گروه بزرگی از ترکیبات شیمیایی با اسیدهای چرب در ساختار خود هستند که برای عملکرد طبیعی همه موجودات ضروری‌اند. اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع چندگانه با پیوندهای مضاعف متعدد از جمله امگا-3 و امگا-6 به‌عنوان ترکیبات شیمیایی مفید برای سلامت انسان شناخته می‌شوند. اخیرا تلاش زیادی برای یافتن روغن‌هایی با ویژگی‌های سودمند ویژه، به‌دلیل استفاده گسترده از روغن‌های گیاهی در صنایع غذایی و دیگر صنایع انجام شده است. لویی جنوبی گیاهی است که تقریباً تمام قسمت‌های آن خوراکی است بویژه ریزوم‌های نشاسته‌ای آن که دارای ترکیب پروتئینی قابل مقایسه با ذرت یا برنج است. در این تحقیق، نمونه‌های گیاهی از سه نقطه جنوب ایران شامل تالاب شادگان، هویزه (تالاب هورالعظیم) و حمیدآباد (رودخانه دز) جمع آوری و محتوای روغن و نوع اسیدهای چرب و همچنین برخی ترکیبات شیمیایی از جمله خاکستر، رطوبت، فیبر، پروتئین و کربوهیدرات آنها ارزیابی و مقایسه شد. روغن با استفاده از تکنیک سوکسله استخراج شد و ترکیب اسیدهای چرب توسط GC/MS تعیین شد. میانگین میزان روغن در اندام‌های هوایی (ساقه و برگ) و زیرزمینی (ریزوم و ریشه) به‌ترتیب 2.62 و 1.52 درصد بود. نمونه‌ها حاوی 12 اسید چرب بودند که 3 اسید چرب غیراشباع و 9 اسید چرب اشباع بودند. در ریشه و ریزوم بیشترین نسبت اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع شامل اولئیک اسید، اسید لینولئیک، اسید آلفا-لینولنیک 1.51±65.85 درصد و در ساقه و برگ 0.09±41.10 درصد بود. مقادیر فیبر، رطوبت، خاکستر، پروتئین و کربوهیدرات‌ها در نمونه‌ها به‌ترتیب از 43.34 تا 45.93- 12.57 تا 17.84- 3.64 تا 4.25- 6.20 تا 6.40 درصد و 23.19 تا 32.18 درصد متغیر بود. محتوای فیبر بالا و ظرفیت این گیاه برای رشد سریع و گسترده در آب شیرین و شور، آن را به یک کاندید مناسب برای گنجاندن در رژیم غذایی انسان و حیوان از طریق طرح‎های اصلاحی کشاورزی تبدیل می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Fatty Acid Profile and Chemical Composition of Three Populations of Southern Cattail (Typha domingensis) from South of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mona Shojaee Barjouee 1
  • Massoumeh Farasat 2 3
  • Mehrnoosh Tadayoni 1

1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Marine Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

3 Departments of Agronomy and Biology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Lipids are comprised of heterogenous group of chemical compounds, the majority of which have fatty acids as part of their structure. Fatty acids (FAs) are essential for the normal functioning of all organisms. Polyunsaturated fatty acids with multiple double bonds (PUFAs), including omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) are known as beneficial chemicals for human health. Recent attempts to find and identify oils with special advantageous qualities have been prompted by the widespread use of vegetable oils in the food and other industries. Southern cattail (Typha domingensis) is a plant whose practically all parts are edible, particularly its starchy rhizomes, which have a protein composition comparable to corn or rice. In this study, to investigate the nutritional value of this plant, plant samples were collected from three locations in the south of Iran, including Shadegan Wetland, Hoveyzeh (Hoorolazim Wetland), and Hamidabad (Dez River). The oil content and fatty acid profile as well as some chemical compositions such as ash, moisture, fiber, protein, and carbohydrates were evaluated and compared. The oil was extracted using the Soxhlet technique, and the fatty acid composition was determined by GC/MS. The average oil content in aerial (stems and leaves) and underground (rhizomes and roots) organs was 2.62 and 1.52%, respectively. The samples contained 12 fatty acids, three of which were unsaturated and nine were saturated. In roots and rhizomes, the maximum proportion of unsaturated fatty acids including oleic acid (ω-9), linoleic acid (ω-6), alpha- linolenic acid (ω-3) was 65.85±1.51%, whereas in stems and leaves, it was 41.10±0.09%. The amounts of fiber, moisture, ash, protein, and carbohydrates in the samples ranged from 43.34 to 45.93%, 12.57 to 17.84%, 3.64 to 4.25%, 6.20 to 6.40%, and 23.19 to 32.18%, respectively. This plant's high fiber content with the capacity to grow quickly and widely in fresh and saline water make it a viable candidate for inclusion in human diet and animal feed through agricultural breeding initiatives.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fatty acid
  • Fiber
  • PUFAs
  • Typha domingensis

©2025 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

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مجله پژوهشهای علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران
دوره 20، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 90
بهمن و اسفند 1403
صفحه 137-153
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  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 آذر 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 دی 1403
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 18 دی 1403
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