نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی لاتین

نویسندگان

1 گروه فرآوری مواد غذایی، موسسه پژوهشی علوم و صنایع غذایی، مشهد، ایران

2 گروه شیمی مواد غذایی، موسسه پژوهشی علوم و صنایع غذایی، مشهد، ایران

3 گروه ماشین آلات صنایع غذایی، موسسه پژوهشی علوم و صنایع غذایی، مشهد، ایران

4 گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

5 گروه بیوتکنولوژی مواد غذایی، موسسه پژوهشی علوم و صنایع غذایی، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

اسانس­های ضروری معمولاً در برابر میکروارگانیسم­های نامطلوب تاثیر خوب و بسزایی دارند. بنابراین می­توان از آن­ها به عنوان عوامل ضد میکروبی طبیعی در مواد غذایی یا بسته‌بندی آن­ها استفاده کرد. در این تحقیق خصوصیات ضد میکروبی دو اسانس (صمغ بنه و لعل کوهستان) قبل و بعد از فرآیند حرارتی (10 دقیقه– 200 درجه سانتی­گراد) در برابر فساد باکتری و کپک در نان بررسی شده است. همچنین ترکیبات اسانس­ها با کروماتوگرافی گازی- طیف‌سنجی جرمی شناسایی شدند. ترکیبات اصلی اسانس لعل کوهستان کارواکرول، تیمول و المیسین قبل و بعد از عملیات حرارتی بودند. در مورد صمغ بنه، تنها یک پیک شاخص در کروماتوگرام مشاهده شد که مربوط به آلفا-پینن بود. برای هر دو اسانس، کمترین غلظت ممانعت کنندگی  (MIC)و کمترین غلظت قارچ­کشی (MFC) در برابر آسپرژیلوس نایجر به ترتیب 4000 و 8000 میکرولیتر بر میلی­لیتر بود. اثر ضد میکروبی هر دو اسانس در برابر باسیلوس سوبتیلیس بیشتر از کپک بود. مقدار MIC و MBC برای لعل کوهستان به‌ترتیب 125 و 250 میکرولیتر در میلی­لیتر و برای صمغ بنه  5/62 و 125 میکرولیتر بر میلی­لیتر بود. نتایج نشان داد که این دو اسانس اثر امیدوارکننده‌ای بر میکروارگانیسم‌های اصلی فساد نان دارند. فرآیند حرارتی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر فعالیت ضد­میکروبی اسانس صمغ بنه در برابر آسپرژیلوس نایجر نداشت، اما به طور قابل‌توجهی فعالیت ضد­میکروبی علیه باسیلوس سوبتیلیس را کاهش داد، در حالی که در مورد فعالیت ضد میکروبی اسانس لعل­ کوهستان، نتایج برعکس بود. با توجه به اینکه کپک­ها بیشترین عامل فساد نان هستند، استفاده از اسانس صمغ بنه به عنوان نگهدارنده طبیعی در محصولاتی که عملیات حرارتی بالایی را تحمل می­کنند مانند نان و فرآورده­های نانوایی توصیه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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